九年级人教英语第五单元A

发布 2022-08-17 23:22:28 阅读 9860

1、be made of. 由…制(构)成。后接构成某物质的原料。

this skirt is made of silk.这件裙子是用丝绸制成的。

1. be made of 表示制成成品后,仍可看出原材料是什么,保留原材料的质和形状,制作过程仅发生物理变化。 :

the kite is made of *****.风筝是用纸做的。

2. be made from 表示制成的东西完全失去了原材料的外形或特征,或原材料在制作过程中发生化学变化,在成品中已无法辨认。

the ***** is made from wood.纸是木头做的。

butter is made from milk.黄油是从牛奶中提炼出来的。

3. be made up of 用…构成或组成的。指人、物皆可,指结构成分。

our class is made up of six groups. 我们班是由六个小组组成的。

4、be made in +地点意为“在……(地方)制成”;the car is made in china.

5、be made by 意为“被(某人)……制成【课堂变式】

6、be made into 被制成 the piece of wood is made into a chair 这块木头被制成一把椅子。

2、初中英语make短语归纳 a decision 作出决定 a plan for 为……订计划 a record 录制唱片 fun of 取笑某人 sentences 造句 a call 打** a promise 答应;允诺 faces 做鬼脸。

a mistake 犯错误 10、.make friends 交朋友 up 编出;编造;组成 a film 拍电影 a journey 进行旅行 a study of 对……进行研究15. make progress 取得进步 use of 利用 ..into...

把……制成…… a trip 进行旅行 no difference 对……没有关系;对……没有不同 make big difference 对……起作用;对……有影响 a noise 吵闹;发噪音 money 赚钱 sure of 确保;确定 up one's mind 下决心24..make sure 务必;确信;务请25、.make tea 泡茶26、.

make a success 取得成功 way for 给……让路 28. make no answer 不做回答 29. make the bed 铺床 30.

make repairs 维修;修理 31. make preparations for 为……做准备 a joke about sb开……的玩笑33. make a mark 作记号 achievements 取得成就 an agreement 达成协议 up for 弥补 a list of 将…列表 a copy of 将……复制一份 room for 为……腾地方 coffee 煮咖啡 a living 谋生 music 创作** trouble **;捣乱 a fire 生火。

半系动词后可用名词、不定式、分词和形容词等作表语,这类词有:

1.表感官的系动词:look, sound, notice,taste, smell, feel(这些词用形容词作表语)

2.表似乎的系动词seem, appear

3.表变化的系动词:become, get, turn, grow, make, come, go, fall, run

4.表依旧的系动词:remain, keep, stay, continue, stand, rest, lie, hold

5.可带名词作表语的系动词:become, make, look, sound, fall, prove, remain, turn(该词后接的单数名词前多不用冠词。

如:he turned teacher.)

一般现在时态的被动结构及用法。

一、概念理解:1. 时态:

在英语语言中,时态主要讨论行为动词发生的时间。 如:he often helps me with my english.

他经常帮助我学英语。(help这个动作经常发生often;故用一般现在时)英语中常用的时态有:一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时等等。

2. 语态:在英语语言中,语态主要讨论句子主语与行为动词的关系。语态有两种:主动语态和被动语态。

主语是动作的发出者(执行者)为主动语态;

如: the tall boy often hits his classmates (主语boy是谓语动词hit的发出者)。

1 主语是动作的接受者(承受者)为被动语态。汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示被动,而英语用:助动词be + 及物动词的过去分词构成。

如: chinese is spoken by the most people in the world(主语chinese是谓语动词speak的接受者)。

2. 语态与时态的关系:

在任何一个英语句子中都同时存在语态时态,他们是分析一个英语句子的两个主要元素。如: he is looking after his sister at home.

(此句为现在进行时的主动语态结构)

he is being looked after well by his parents. (此句为现在进行时的被动语态结构)

说明:我们以前所学的各种时态的结构其实都时主动语态的各种时态结构。

二、被动语态最基本的句型结构是: be +及物动词过去分词

说明:①、be 有时态,人称和数的变化。

、被动语态中的谓语动词必须是及物动词;因为被动句中的主语是动作的承受者,某些短语动词如look after, think of, take care of, work out, laugh at等,也可用于被动语态。

三、被动语态的使用。

1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时,常用被动语态,这时往往不用by 短语。

“mr. white, the cup with mixture was broken after class. ”只是告诉老师杯子坏了,不知是谁弄坏的,或不想说出谁弄坏的)。

2.突出或强调动作的承受者,如果需要说出动作的执行者,用by 短语。如:the cup was broken by paul.

3.当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者,也不是动作的承受者时,这时常用in + 名词作状语,而代替 by 短语。 如:

these cars were made in china.

四、主动语态变被动语态的变法:

主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换。

1.把主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。

2.把主动语态的谓语变成被动语态的be + 过去分词,时态要与原句保持一致。

3.把主动语态的主语变为介词by 的宾语,放在被动语态里谓语动词之后,by 短语可以省略。如果原句主语是地点名词,在被动语态中用in + 地点名词作状语。

口诀:宾变主,主变宾,谓变be done ,时不变,数格必须随被变。

五、一般现在时的被动语态:am /is/ are +done

如: tea is grown in hangzhou. 杭州种植茶叶。

被动语态的结构:be+pp 1.一般现在时的被动语态:

am / is / are + 过去分词 she waters the flowers after school. the flowersbyafter school. 2.

一般过去时的被动语态 : was / were + 过去分词 guo jingming wrote the bookthe bookguo jingming. 3.

一般将来时的被动语态 will be +过去分词 the headmaster will give a talk this afternoon. a talkthe headmaster this afternoon. 4.

现在进行时的被动语态 am/is/are+being+过去分词 the driver is repairing the car. the carthe driver. 5.

过去进行时的被动语态 was/were+being+过去分词 my father was painting the wall. the wallby father. 6.

现在完成时的被动语态: has /h**e been + 过去分词 we h**e read the bookthe bookby7. 过去完成时的被动语态:

had been + 过去分词 he had invited me to visit japan before i came here. ito visit japan before i came here. 8.

含有情态动词的被动语态: can / may /must /should +过去分词 students should do their homework. their homeworkstudents.

被动语态的特殊情况: (一) make/ let /h**e sb. do sth.

;see/hear/ watch / notice sb. do sth 变成被动语态时,后面的动词原形前需加to. :

be made / seen / heard / watched / noticed to do sth. 被迫 / 被看见 / 被听见 / 被**被注意做某事 boss made his workers work day and night. the workers were made to work day and night.

2. i see him stand therehe is seen to stand there by me. 2.

his doctor makes him h**e two meals a day. -he istwo meals a day. (使役感官真奇怪,to去to来令人猜,主动语态to离开,被动语态to回来。

) 练习:请将下列主动语态变成被动语态。

farmer made the horses work the whole day. the horsesthe whole day.

saw a mouse run into the room. a mouseinto the room.

saw lucy play in the park just now. lucyin the park just now.

often hear her sing this popular song . sheoftenthis popular song by

2)当动词带双宾语时give show sb sth , pass sb sth , lend sb sth 时,有两种改法:

1)将其中指人的宾语被动句的主语时,另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来。 sb .be given sth sb be showed sth; sb be passed sth; lent sth.

eg: i give tom a booktom is given a book by me. he buys his sister a bag.

his sistera bag by him.

2) 将指物的宾语提前作被动句的主语,在被动句中则指人宾语前应加“to”或“for” 。常见加to的动词有常见加for的动词有make, draw, buy… sth be given to sb.; sth be showed to sb; sth be passed to sb; sth be lent to sb.

eg:i give tom a booka book is given __tom by me. 再如:

he bought me a book. -i was bought a book by him. (以人i做主语) -a book was bought for me by him.

(以物book作主语)

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