动词的过去式的构成规则有：
a,规则动词
一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited
以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived , danced , used
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play,stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)
双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped
b,不规则动词(此类词并无规则，须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , h**e – had , do – did , go - went , take - took , buy - bought , get - got , read - read ,fly - flew , am/is - was ,
are - were , say - said , le**e - left , swim - swam , tell - told , draw - drew , come - came , lose - lost , find - found , drink - drank , hurt - hurt , feel - felt
四：动词现在分词详解动词的ing形式的构成规则：
一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing ,如h**ing , writing
双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有：running , swimming , sitting , getting
五：人称代词与物主代词。
一、人称代词。
二、物主代词。
六：句型专项归类
1.肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：i'm a student. she is a doctor. he works in a hospital.
there are four fans in our classroom. he will eat lunch at 12:00.
i watched tv yesterday evening.
2,否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：i'm not a student. she is not (isn't) a doctor.
he does not (doesn't) work in a hospital. there are not (aren't) four fans in our classroom.
he will not (won't) eat lunch at 12:00. i did not (didn't) watch tv yesterday evening.
注意☆ 小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 "not".有动词be的句子则"not"加在be后面，可缩写成"isn't,aren't",但am not 一般都分开写。
没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上"not",你也可以把它们缩写在一起如"don't , doesn't , didn't ).这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中"does"只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而"did"只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用"did" .
3,一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子，此类句子必须用"yes",或"no"来回答。
如：are you a student yes, i am / no, i'm not.
is she a doctor yes, she is. /no, she isn't.
does he work in a hospital yes, he does. /no, he doesn't.
are there four fans in our classroom yes, there are. /no, there aren't.
are you going to buy a comic book tonight yes, i am. /no, i am not. (yes, we are.
/no, we aren't.)
will he eat lunch at 12:00 yes, i will. /no, i will not(won't).
are they swimming yes, they are. /no, they aren't.
did you watch tv yesterday evening yes, i did. /no, i didn't.
注意☆ 小结：一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上，
把动词be调到首位，其他照写，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形，末尾标点符号变成问号即可。
这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择，其中"does"只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而"did"只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用"did" .一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致，即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。
4,特殊疑问句：以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么，不能用"yes ,no"来回答。
如：what is this it's a computer.
what does he do he's a doctor.
where are you going i'm going to beijing.
who played football with you yesterday afternoon mike.
which season do you like best summer.
when do you usually get up i usually get up at 6:30.
whose skirt is this it's amy's.
why do you like spring best because i can plant trees.
how are you i'm fine. /i'm happy.
how did you go to xinjiang i went to xinjiang by train.
其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问，如： how many(多少(数量)),how much(多少(钱)),how tall(多高), how long(多长), how big(多大), how he**y(多重)
例句：how many pencils do you h**e i h**e three pencils.
how many girls can you see i can see four girls.
how many desks are there in your classroom there are 51.
小结：how many 用来提问可数名词的数量，主要有以上三种句式搭配，
how many + 名词复数 + do you h**e 你有多少……
how many + 名词复数 + can you see 你能看见多少……
how many + 名词复数 + are there… 有多少……
七：完全，缩略形式： i'm=i am he's=he is she's=she is they're=they are you're=you are there's=there is they're=they are can't=can not don't=do not doesn't=does not isn't=is not aren't=are not let's=let us won't=will not i'll=i will wasn't=was not
总结：通常情况下，'m即am,'s即is(但 let's=let us), re即are ,n't即not (但can't=can not)
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