广州八下 u1 一。
一、短语：l. ask permission报请批准。
2．voluntary work义务性工作。
3．give sb．a hand帮助某人。
4．suffer from因……受苦；受折磨。
5．take photos“给……拍照。
6．raise one's spirits使振奋；使鼓起勇气。
7．in the future在将来。
8．in good health身体健康。
9．be afraid of害怕。
10. look after照顾。
11. so that为的是，以便。
12．in hospital生病住院。
13．make friends with 与……交朋友。
14．take part in参加。
15. in order to目的在于，为了。
16. millions“数百万的。
17. because of因为。
18．since then从那时起。
19. close to 靠近。
二、句型：1．offer to do sth主动提出做某事。
2．teach sb．to do sth教某人做某事 ：
3．help sb. (to) do sth帮助某人做某事。
4．continue to do sth继续做某事。
5．h**e difficulty (in) doing sth．做某事有困难。
6．need to do sth需要做某事。
7．make+宾语+形容词使某人鸽喜物…… 8．
8．one of+复数名词／代词 ……之一，9．enjoy doing sth喜欢做某事。
10. used to do sth过去常常做某事。
11．how much+不可数名词多少……
12．decide to do sth决定做某事
13. like to do sth喜欢做某事。
14. ask sb．to do stk要求某人做某。
15. would like to do sth想要做某事。
16．be unable to do sth不能做某事。
三、动词不定式。
1. cindy wanted to paint a picture of the park near her home.
2．annie taught tim to sing beautiful songs.
3. they went to the hospital to help the sick children.
上面的三个句子中都含有动词不定式（t0+动词原形），分别作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语。
动词不定式的基本结构为“to+动词原形”(有时可省略to)。在句中除不能充当谓语外，其他成分都可充当，如主语、表语、宾语、状语、宾语补足语、定语等。本单元我们主要学习动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语和目的状语的用法。
1．作宾语。
动词不定式一般不作介词的宾语，常作及物动词的宾语。
此类动词（短语）有：want, hope, wish, like, begin, start, forget, remember, need, ask,learn, decide, would like, try, offer, plan, refuse, agree, help等 。
remember to post the letter.记着去寄信。
i hope to stay with you.我希望和你待在一起。
1.当作宾语的不否定式后跟有宾语补足语承时，通常要用形式宾语it代替不定式，并将真正的宾语（不定式）置于宾语补足语之后，其结构为：主语+谓语+it+宾语补足语十动词不定式。
i find it difficult to learn japanese well.我发现学好日语不容易。
2.当两个或两个以上的不定式连用时，后面的不定式往往省略t0。
he began to read and write after出nner.晚饭过后他开始读书、写字。
3.动词不定式可以和疑问词who(m)，which\what，when，how，where（why除外）等连用，构成动词不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语或表语等。
how to control the water pollution is a big problem.如何控制水污染是一个大问题。（作主语）
we don，t know how to study english well.我们不知道如何学好英语。（作宾语）
the trouble is whom to invite.问题是该邀请哪些人。（作表语）
4.“疑问词+动词不定式（短语）”作宾语时，相当于一个宾语从句。
i don't know what to do next time. =i don't know what i should do next time.我不知道下次该做什么。
2．作宾语补足语。
动词不定式作宾语补足语，放在宾语的后面，表示宾语是什么或怎么样。其后接带t0的不定式作宾语补足语的动词（短语）有：ask，tell，like，love，hate，would like，order, teach, want, wish, advise等 。
the如the doctor advised him to take a good rest．医生劝他好好休息。
we asked him to sing a pop song at the party.我们请他在晚会上唱了一首流行歌曲。
动词不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号to在使役动词、感官动词等后面时，须省略。常见的动词有：h**e，let，make，feel，hear，notice，see，watch等。
the boss made the workers work over ten hours a day in the past.
1 saw li lei fall down from his bike．我看见李雷从自行车上摔了下来。
动词help接动词不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号t0可省略也可不省略。
he often comes to help us (to) do some farming work他经常来帮我们干些农活。
3．作目的状语。
动词不定式表目的时，可放在句子的前面，也可放在句子的末尾。但在句子前面时，动词不定式常用逗号与句子隔开，而在句子末尾时一般不用逗号隔开。
to get there on time, we set out at five in the morning.
he goes there to enjoy the fresh air.他去那儿享受新鲜空气。
1.(2013 )the children decidetheir school yard this friday afternoon.
a clean b. to cleanc. cleaningd. cleaned
2. (2013 )he lost his key. it made himin the cold to wait for his wife's return.
a to stay b. stayedc staysd. stay
3. how kind you are! you always do what you can me.
a help b. helpingc. to helpd. helps
4. it was time for class. mr king asked all the childrendown quietly.
a sit
5a book in the library, enter(输入) a key word into the computer.
a to find b. findc. to write d. write
6. just before the chinese class,l found that i forgotmy chinese textbook
b bringing c and bring d. to bring
7. –which dress do you like best, madam? -sorry, i can't decidenow.
a to buy which oneb buy which one
c. which one to buyd. which i should buy it
8. try to sing more english songs, and you will find it interestinga foreign language.
a learning b. learns c. learn d. to learn
四、易考点。
做名词勇气，勇敢动词形式为：encourage
amazing courage . they do not h**e the courage to apologise for their actions.
的过去式过去分词都是hurt
3. illness 强调某种疾病 he died at the age of 83 after a long illness.
order to 目的是为了、、、he works hard , in order to raise money for children in need.
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