九年级英语unit3教案

发布 2022-08-02 05:55:28 阅读 4567

license 执照driver司机silly愚蠢的、傻的。

earring 耳环concentrate集中 volunteer自愿、志愿者。

local地方的 perform表演 primary初级的。

go out with their friends 和朋友一块出去。

part-time jobs 兼职工作。

driver’s license 驾驶执照。

get their ears pierced 穿耳孔。

choose one’s own clothes 选自己的衣服。

sixteen-year-olds 十六岁的孩子。

seem to 好像at that age 在那个年龄。

so do we 我们也一样get to class late . 上课迟到。

fail a test 考试不及格be strict with 对…要求严格。

the other day 前几天get to doing sth 着手做某事。

look smart 看起来整洁 concentrate on 关注…

be a good way to do 是…的好方法。

it’s a good idea for sb. to do 是…的好主意。

get noisy 变得嘈杂。

at present 目前。

h**e an opportunity to do sth .

有做…的机会。

be a good experience for sb. 对…来说是很有意义的经历。

take time to do things 花费时间做事情。

old people’s home 敬老院。

be sleepy 睏 after a long week of classes 上完一周课之后。

h**e friday afternoons off 周五放假。

语法内容:一。 被动语态。

1. “语态”表示主语和谓语动词之间的关系。英语中有“两态”的说法,即主动语态和被动语态,本单。

元中反复出现的should be allowed 就是一个含有情态动词(should)的被动语态。

先看几个基本概念。

主语是动作的发出者为主动语态。

主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。

只有及物动词才有被动语态。

2. 被动语态的构成。

the office is cleaned every day .

the office was cleaned yesterday.

compare active and passive:

动作的接受者the office成了句子的主语,就应该用被动语态。从上面的例句我们可以总结:

一般现在时的被动语态为:主+am / is / are (not)+过去分词。

一般过去时的被动语态为:主+was / were +过去分词。

如:butter is made from milk.

this house was built 100 years ago.

以前我们学过的was / were born 生于,就是一个被动语态。

born是个过去分词(bear)

-when were you born ? i was born in 1989.

如果要特别强调动作或行为的执行者,句子后面需接by ~ 译为“被(由)…”

如:we were woken up by a loud noise .

我们被嘈杂的声音吵醒。

从上面例子,我们可以看出,现在进行时被动语态的构成为。

主语+is / am / are + being +过去分词。

再如:my car is being repaired now.

some new houses are being built near the park.

公园附近在建一些房子。

从上面例子,我们可以看出现在完成时被动语态的构成为。

主语+h**e / has +been +过去分词。

如:my key has been stolen.

my keys h**e been stolen.

i am not going to the party, i h**en’t been invited.

含有情态动词的被动语态。

情态动词+be+过去分词。

a note had better be left to him.

teenagers should be allowed to wear their own clothes

这里我们列举了几个主要时态,那么其它时态呢?

一般将来时主语+will +be +过去分词。

过去将来时主语+would / should + be +过去分词。

过去进行时主语+was / were + being +过去分词。

过去完成时主语+had + been +过去分词。

被动语态的时态是由be的时态决定的,be是什么时态,全句就是什么时态,be动词后面的过去分词不。变。归纳:

肯定句:主语+be + 过去分词+(by ~)

否定句:主语+be not +过去分词+(by ~)

一般疑问句:be +主语+过去分词+(by ~)

特殊疑问句:疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+(by ~)

3. 被动语态的用法:

(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁,不用by+动作执行者短语。

such books are written for children.

这些书是为儿童写的。

i h**en’t been told about it .

没有人告诉我这件事。

(2)强调动作的承受者,这时应用by短语。

the cup was broken by d**id.

(3)作客观说明时,常采用一种被动语态句型。

it’s / was said / believed / reported / that …

it’s reported that about three hundred people were killed in this earthquake.

据报道,这次**中大约有三百人死亡。

4. 主动语态变为被动语态。

把主动语态的句子变为被动语态的方法是:

(1)把原句中的宾语变为主语。

(2)动词改为被动形式,即be+过去分词。

(3)原来的主语,如果需要的话,放在by后面,如果没必要,可省略。

注意事项:主动语态变成被动语态应注意事项。

从主动语态到被动语态的过程中主语、谓语动词、宾语都发生变化。

注意主格与宾格的变化形式。

注意主语的人称及数的变化对be动词带来的影响。

注意be动词的时态形式取决于原主动语态的动词时态形式。

5. 被动语态的几种类型。

(1)有两个宾语的句子的被动语态(直接宾语,间接宾语)

常见的接双宾语的动词有。

通常这种句子可以改为以“人”当主语;和以“物”当作主语的两种被动语态。

如:he g**e me a book.

-i was given a book by him. (以i做主语)

-a book was given to me by tom. (以物book作主语)

he teaches us english.

-we are taught english by him. (以人当主语)

-english is taught us by him. (以物作主语)

(2)含有宾语补足语的句子的被动语态。

keep, make 三类的动词常常有宾语补足语,在被动语态中,宾语补足语位置不变。

we keep food fresh in the fridge.

主谓宾宾补。

-food is kept fresh in the fridge.

i saw him go into the office building.

-he was seen to go into the office building.

英语中有“十大动词”的说法,即feel , hear , listen , h**e , make , let , look , watch , see , notice ,这些词在主动句中,其后的动词不定式不加to,但变被动句时必须加to.

(3)含有短语的主动语态变被动语态。

不及物动词没有宾语,因此没有被动语态。但有的不及物动词后面加上介词及其他一些词类构成短语动。

词之后,其作用相当于及物动词,可以接宾语,因而也可以变为被动语态。在变成被动语态时,不能去掉构。

成短语动词的介词或副词。

they take good care of my child.

-my child is taken good care of

他们把我的孩子照顾得很好。

i turned off the radio.

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