人教版九年级全册单元语法全梳理

发布 2022-07-31 13:25:28 阅读 1933

unit 1:how can we become good learners?

by+v-ing

“by+v-ing”结构在句子中作方式状语,常用来表示“以、靠、借助、通过、用(某种方法或手段)”而达到某种预期的目的。该结构常用来回答 how do you...之类的问题。

当 by 和表示交通工具的名词连用时,它与名词之间不用任何限定词,且名词用单数形式。

they often go to school by subway. 他们经常坐地铁上学。

by,in 和 with 都可以表示“通过;借助”。by 后接表示动作、行为的名词;in 表示“用某种语言;用某种材料”;with 后接表示物体或工具的名词。如:

you may send the book by post. 你可以通过邮局把书寄出去。

提建议句式。

what/how about +doing sth.?

如:what/ how about going shopping?

why don't you +do sth.?

如:why don't you go shopping?

why not +do sth.?

如:why not go shopping?

let's +do sth.

如:let's go shopping

shall we/i+ do sth.?

如:shall we/ i go shopping?

unit 2:i think that mooncakes are delicious!

第二单元的语法重点是:宾语从句;反义疑问句;表达“花费”。

宾语从句。that,if 和 whatever 引导的宾语从句:

宾语从句中连接词的选择。

1. 由 that 引导的宾语从句:that 在从句中无词义,不作任何成分,常可省略。如:

jenny said (that) she could finish her painting before supper.

i think (that) you are right.

2. 由 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句:if 或 whether 引导宾语从句时,一般可通用,都表示“是否”。如:

i don't know if / whether she still works there.

i want to know if / whether there is a hospital in this street.

但在下列情况下,只能用 whether,而不能用 if:

1)在 whether ..or not 或 whether or not 结构中,不能用 if。如:

nobody knows whether or not it will rain.

2)在介词之后用 whether。如:

i'm interested in whether he likes english.

主从句时态的呼应。

当主句是一般现在时态时,从句可用各种时态;

当主句是一般过去时态时,从句常用过去的某种时态。

但当从句叙述的是客观事实或一般真理时,即使主句为过去时,宾语从句仍然用一般现在时态。如:

he said he would spend his holiday in dalian.

our geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east.

直击中考。2018.四川乐山】30.-thank you for telling me so much knowledge about nature.

don't mention it. _you h**e more questions,come to me any time.

反义疑问句。

肯定陈述句+否定提问。如:

lily is a student isn't she?

lily will go to china,won't she?

否定陈述句+肯定提问。如:

she doesn't come from china,does she?

you h**en't finished homework,h**e you?

提问部分用代词而不用名词。

如:lily is a student,isn't she?

陈述句中含有否定意义的词。

如:little,few,never,nothing,hard 等,其反意疑问句用肯定式。

如:he knows little english,does he?他一点也不懂英语,不是吗?

表达“花费”

动词,表示“花费金钱、时间"

spend...on sth.在某事上花费(金钱、时间)

spend...doing sth.花费(金钱、时间)去做某事。

如:he spends too much time on clothes.他花费太多的时间在衣着上。(花金钱)

he spend 3 months building the bridge.他花费了三个月去建这座桥。(花时间)

2. pay 的基本用法是:

pay(sb.)money for sth. 花费钱(给某人)买。

pay for sth. 付……的钱。

pay for sb. 替某人付钱。

pay sb. 付钱给某人。

pay money back. 还钱。

pay off one's money. 还清钱。

如: i pay 10 yuan for the book. 我花了 10元买这本书。

i h**e to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。

don't wory! i'll pay for you. 别担心,我会给你付钱的。

they pay us every month. 他们每月给我们报酬。

后面常跟双宾语,常见用法有以下几种:

it takes sb.+时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。

doing sb.+时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。

如:it took them three years to build this road.他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。

repairing this car took him the whole afternoon.他花了一下午修车。

的主语是物或某种活动,还可以表示”值”,常见用法如下:

sth. costs(sb.)+金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。

(doing)时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。

注意:cost 的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。

如:a new computer costs a lot of money.一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。

remembering these new words cost him a lot of time.他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。

直击中考。1.【2015 湖南长沙】tom spent 200 yuan __this book.

2.【2015 广东深圳】it __me two days to finish the work.

3.【2015 天津】 _some of my free time playing basketball for my school team.

4.【2015 四川宜宾】 _300 for the bike.

unit 3:could you please tell me

where the restrooms are?

第三单元的语法重点是:宾语从句;语态;倒装句;程度副词。

宾语从句。连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句。

1. 由连接代词 who, whom, whose, what, which 等引导,不能省略。例如:

do you know who he is?

2. 由连接副词 how, where, when, why 引导, 也不可省略。例如:

i don't know where i can buy this kind of camera.

3. 宾语从句用陈述句语序,即:连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他。

4. 主句与从句的时态关系:

1) 如果主句是一般现在时,从句可以是根据情况所需要的任何时态。例如:

i don't know when she came here.

can you tell me when he will come here?

2) 如果主句是过去的时态,从句也应用过去时态的某一种。但若从句是表示客观事实或真理时,从句时态不受主句时态的限制,应用一般现在时。例如:

he told us why he would stay at home the next day.

the teacher explained how the earth goes around the sun.

5. 某些由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句可改为含“特殊疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构的简单句。例如:

can you tell me where i can buy this book?

can you tell me where to buy this book?

直击中考。1.【2017南昆明】33.—could you please tell me __

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