初中英语八种时态归纳复习。
时态是英语学习中一个至关重要的内容，广大初中学生在实际运用时，往往对时态总是倍感棘手，下面我们就归纳复习一下這几种时态。
动词的时态结构歌谣：
一般现在时，动词用原型 i work
单数三人称，动词加“s” he works
一般过去时，动词加“ed” i worked.
一般将来时，will 加原型 i will work.
过去将来时，would加原型 i would work.
现在进行时， is/ am / are+ v-ing i am working
过去进行时， was/ were+ v-ing i was working.
现在完成时， has/ h**e+ v-ed i h**e worked.
过去完成时， had+ v-edi had worked.
1. 一般现在时：
1.用法： a.现在经常性的动作或状态b.客观事实和真理。
2.标志词： always, usually, often, sometimes, never, every day /week /month/year/…
3. 一般现在时的否定句：
a. 有be动词在be动词后面+ not
i am a student. i am not a student.
b. 有情态动词在情态动词后面+ not
i can play the piano. i can’t play the piano.
c. 没有be动词和情态动词，借助于don’t 或者doesn’t
i like apples. i don’t like apples.
he likes apples. he doesn’t like apples.
4. 一般现在时的疑问句。
a. 有be动词将be动词提前。
are you a student? yes, i am. no, i am not.
b. 有情态动词将情态动词提前。
can you play the piano? yes, i can. no, i can’t.
c. 没有be动词和情态动词，借助于do 或者does
do you like apples? yes, i do. no, i don’t.
does he like apples? yes, he does. no, he doesn’t.
练习：john does homework every day.
否定句。一般疑问句。
1. the boy usuallyget) to school early.
2. she said that lighttr**el)faster than sound.
3. the twinswash) the clothes every day.
4. sometimes heplay) basketball over there. 5. how often __sally __sing)?
2. 一般过去时：
1.用法：过去的动作或状态。
2.标志词：yesterday, the day before yesterday, three days ago, last night/…,in the past,
just now=a moment ago, in 2010, at the age of 5
规则动词的过去式变化规则：
动词不规则变化：
do →did h**e →had go →went see →saw read →read get →got
give →g**e sleep →slept eat →ate write →wrote find→found is/am --was
3. 一般过去式的否定句：
a.有be动词和情态动词，在后面加not.
b.没有be动词和情态动词，借助于didn’t.
i went to movies yesterday. i didn’t go to movies yesterday.
4. 一般过去式的疑问句。
a.有be动词和情态动词，提前。
b.没有be动词和情态动词，借助于did
did you go to movies yesterday? yes, i did. no, i didn’t.
练习：they wrote many stories.
疑问句。否定句。
1. the twinswash) the clothes yesterday.
2. the day before yesterday heplay) basketball over there.
3. _sally __sing) two hours ago?
4. yao mingbe) famous basketball players at the age of 15.
3. 一般将来时：
1.用法：将来的动作或状态。
2.结构：will
shall(第一人称) +v-原型。
be going to
3.标志词：tomorrow, the day after tomorrow ,in three days, in the future, next week/month/term…, from now on
4. be going to：
a.表示事先经过考虑，安排要做的事情。
i’m going to watch the football match tonight.
b. 表示根据目前某种迹象，某事非常有可能发生。
look at the clouds. it’s going to rain.
与 be going to辨析。
都可以表示意图。
i will watch football match tonight.
用will 不用be going to 的情况：
a.表示带意愿色彩的将来。
i’ll help him if he asks.
b.问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气邀请时。
will you give me some books?
c.表示纯粹的将来，与主观意愿无关。
the sun will rise tomorrow.
6. 特殊情况：
a. 一般现在时表将来时。
表示按计划，安排或日程表，时刻表将要发生的事情，多用于come, le**e, start, arrive 等瞬间动词。
the film begins in a minute.
the plane takes off at 7:30.
b. 现在进行时表将来时。
多用于come, go, le**e, move等表示位置移动的动词。
the bus is coming.
i’m le**ing for shanghai tomorrow.
c.由when, before, if, as soon as等引导的时间或条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时表示将来的动作或状态。 主将从现。
we will go hiking if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
she will call you when she gets to beijing.
if it rains tomorrow, i’ll stay at home.
练习：1. there___two meetings tomorrow afternoon
a. are going to be b. are going to h**e c. is going to be d. will h**e
2. the twins___to the cinema with their parents tonight. a.
will go b. would go c. are go d.
went
3.--when___you___for london? -next week
a. will; le**ingb. are; le**ingc. shall; le**e d. h**e; left
4. 过去将来时：
1.用法：从过去看将要发生的动作。
2.结构：would +v-原型。
was/ were/ going to +v-原型。
1.--what did he say yesterday? -he said he___to sydney next week.
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