形式。“回眸”动词-ing形式。
我们已经比较系统地学习过动词ing形式的用法，现在简要回顾一下：判断其作何种成分。
1) this is an interesting book
2) the woman sitting by the window is our maths teacher
3) seeing the bird, the bear suddenly stood up
4) i saw the man walking on the street yesterday
5) playing football is his f**orite sport
6) i didn’t stop working last night
7) my work is teaching english
动词-ing是动词非谓语形式中的一种， 单独使用时， 能在句中做除 __之外的任何其他句子成分。如： 主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、宾补等。
作状语时，可表时间、条件、原因、让步或伴随。
动词-ing形式的否定式是在其前加not；动词-ing形式的完成式为动词-ing形式的被动式为动词-ing形式的完成被动式为。
动词-ing形式之前可以有自己的逻辑主语，这种逻辑主谓结构称为在句中作状语，如本单元**现的句子： the other two climbed down into the crater to collect some l**a for later study, but this being my first experience, i stayed at the top and watched them.
聚焦v-ing形式作状语。
v-ing形式作状语，可表示时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件等。试判断下面句子属于何种状语：
1. she sat at the desk reading a news*****
2. hang wei went to school, taking a train
3. while reading the book, he nodded from time to time
4. not h**ing received a reply, we wrote again
5. heating water，we can change it into vapor
一、现在分词短语作时间状语有以下情况：
1．分词动作一发生，谓语动作紧跟着发生，这时用现在分词的一般式作时间状语，其逻辑。
主语为句中的主语。常用hear,see,arrive,return,getto,look,open,close,le**e,turnaround,walk等，表示一个极短暂动作。此种情况可以换作on+动名词，表示相同的意思。
译作"一（刚）……就……"此种情况也可以换作是when引导的时间状语从句，该从句的动词多用一般过去时表示。如：
hearingtheirteacher'svoice,thepupilsstoppedtalkingatonce.（=onhearingtheirteacher'svoice…=whentheyheardtheirteacher'svoice,thepupils…）
一听到教师的声音，学生们立即停止讲话。
2．谓语动作发生在分词所表示的动作过程之中，则用when/while+现在分词的一般式，分。
词的逻辑主语为句中的主语。此种情况可以用in+动名词的一般式代替。也可以换作when、while引导的时间状语从句，该从句的谓语动词用进行时态。如：
don'tbecarelesswhen/whileh**inganexam.=don'tbecarelessinh**inganexam.
don'tbecarelesswhen/whileyouareh**inganexam.考试时不要粗心。
二表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。
being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday.由于生病，他昨天没有上学。(=since he was ill...
because i didn’t master the way of studying, i didn’t get a good result. =not mastering the way of studying, i didn’t get a good result.
as i was so worried, i couldn’t go to sleep.= being so worried, i couldn’t go to sleep.
三表示结果，相当于一个结果状语。
his father died, le**ing him a lot of money.= thus, left him a lot of money.
他父亲死了，留给他许多钱。
四表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。
working hard at your lessons, you will succeed.=if you work hard at your lessons…
如果你努力学习，就一定能成功。
if you pass the three years, you’ll grow up.= passing the three years, you’ll grow up.
if you don’t make use of the time, you’ll regret.= not ****** use of the time, you’ll regret.
五表示让步，相当于一个让步状语从句。
knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage.= although they knew all this...
尽管知道了一切情况，他们还是要我赔偿损失。
although i studied from morning till night, i didn’t pass the exam.
studying from morning till night, i didn’t pass the exam.
even though i made up my mind, i still wanted to play.
****** made up my mind, i still wanted to play.
六表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，相当于一个并列结构。
he lay on the grass, staring at the sky for a long time.= and stared at the sky for a long time
他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。
一般情况下，动词-ing所表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，它没有相应的状语从句可以转换，但可以用并列句转换。
the girl came into the classroom, singing and dancing.
the girl came into the classroom and they sang and danced.
特别提醒：为了使动词-ing形式作状语所表达的时间、条件、让步等意思更加明确，可在动词-ing形式前加上适当的连词(when, while, if，though，unless, even if等)。例如：
don’t talk while h**ing dinner.
学习v-ing形式作状语的用法时，需要注意以下四点：
一)与过去分词作状语的区别。
一般来说，-ing形式表示主动、进行；过去分词表示被动、完成。试比较：
the enemy fled in a panic, le**ing behind a lot of dead bodies and weapons.
defeated and frightened, the enemy fled in a panic. 分析：前一例中的-ing形式短语在句子中作伴随状语，它与其逻辑主语the enemy之间为主动关系；后一句中的过去分词defeated和frightened表原因，它与其逻辑主语the enemy之间为被动关系。
二) 关于逻辑主语的问题。-ing形式作状语时，一般情况下，其逻辑主语应与主句的主语保持一致。如：
comparing all the great people with each other, you’ll find that they h**e much in common.
finding her car stolen, she hurried to a policeman for help.(上海2001,28)
h**ing suffered from heart trouble for years, professor white has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.(上海2001春，38)
h**ing suffered such he**y pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.
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