unit 3 traditional skills
1、要点概括。
1. 短语。
***** cutting, up to, set off, up dan down, after dark, no more, all the time
2. 句型。
1) would you like to take part in our...
2) although he is over 65, he is very fit and still enjoys working.
3) they can dive down and stay under the water for up two two minutes.
4) daimin usually stes off in the late afternoon and gets the cormorants ready for work.
5) during the day, he jumps up and down on his boat.
6) at dark, he hangs a light on a post at the front of the boat.
7) the fish are taken and thrown into a big basket by damin.
8) no nets are required for this type of fishing.
9) cormorant fishing was once practised in lots of places in south-east china.
10) later, some of the fish will be sold in the market.
2、疑难宝典。
1. hang on 用作**用语（其后可接a minute, a moment, a while之类的词），意为：等一下；别放下**；别挂断。
2. reach 除了“到达”外，还有“伸手去够或拿”的意思。如：
some oranges are hard to reach.
the girl was short so she couldn’t reach the cup on the table.
区别】get, reach和arrive
get是不及物动词，常和to连用。但当“到达”的地点是home或副词（here, there）时，to需要省略。如：
when did you get there last night?
i get home at 7:00 pm every day.
arrive为不及物动词，后须加上介词in/ at才能连接表示地点的名词。
表示到达大城市或国家时要用arrive in，而到达乡村、车站等小地方则用arrive at。如：
we arrived in london last week.
the doctor arrived at the village at last.
reach为及物动词，其后既可以跟名词也可跟副词。如：
i reached beijing the day before yesterday.
we reached here on foot.
1、单词拼写。
1. the english teachers r___the students to listen carefully.
2. let’s hthe picture on the wall.
3. when he r___guangzhou, it was almost 11 pm.
4. the books over there are on science. waht about the r___
5. eating much vegetable is good for you to keep f
二、完成句子。
1. 男孩家离学校很远，所以他不得不每天一大早就出发。
the boy lives far from the school, so he has toin early morning every day.
2. 天黑后，人们离开办公室回家。
people le**e office and go home.
3. 只要你不再吸烟，你可以更健康并活得更久。
you can be healthier and live longer, if you just smoke
4. 办公室小弟每天都很忙，我们经常都看到他上上下下来回地跑。
the office boy is very busy every day, we often see hime run
三、句子翻译。
1. 她又高又瘦。她有着一头黑色长发。她戴着眼镜。
2. 他非常年轻，又爱又胖，留着一头棕色的短发。
3. 剪刀和纸被用于剪纸工艺。
教材典句】1. no nets are required for this type of fishing.
2. cormorant fishing was once practised in lots of places in south-east china.
3. a music show will be held in the school hall at 4 on tuesday, 4 may.
语法全解】英语的语态有主动和被动两种：主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
1. 基本构成。
被动语态的基本构成形式为“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”。助动词be有人称、数和时态变化。
football is played all over the world.
is it made of bamboo?
2. 基本变法。
1）将主动语态句中的宾语变为被动语态句中的主语，主动语态句中的主语变为被动语态句中介词by的宾语。
2）将主动语态句中的谓语动词变成“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”形式，但时态不改变。
3）助动词be要与新的主语保持单、复数的一致；若主语和宾语时人称代词时，“格”应该作相应的变化。
如： the workers make machines in this factory.
machines are made by the workers in this factory.
3. 省去by短语的几个条件。
1）不知道、没必要或不想说出动作执行者时。
rice is grown well there.
2）强调说明动作的承受者。
i was sent to teach them english.
3）汉语中有“据说，大家说”等时。
it is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house.
4. 各时态的被动语态。
1）一般现在时的被动语态。
构成：am/ is/ are +过去分词。
i am often given gifts by tom.
the things on show are all made in china.
is the room cleaned every day?
2）一般过去时的被动语态。
构成：was/ were+ 过去分词。
jim was asked to go there.
the he**y snow stopped the visitors from le**ing the top of the mountain.
=the visitors were stopped from le**ing the top of the mountain by the he**y snow.
3）一般将来时的被动语态。
构成：wii be+ 过去分词或am/ is/ are going to + be+ 过分分词。
lots of trees will be planted on the hill next year.
the children won’t be allowed to go out at night.
is the bridge going to be built by the workers next year? 特殊情况：复合宾语的被动语态。
感官动词和使役动词在主动语态句中，其后的动词不定式不带to，但变被动句时必须加上to。
the boss made her work for 10 hours a day.
she was made to work for 10 hours a day.
语法练习】1. -excuse me. i’m looking for be the best of yourself.
--sorry. the book you ask for __out.
a. is selling b. is sold c. was selling d. will be sold
2. each year quite a lot of food __around the world. it’s really time for us to do something.
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