一、【词汇拓展】
1. ourselves pron.我们自己。
we taught ourselves english when we were ten years old.
我们十岁时自学英语。
拓展】1.各人称的反身代词。
2.反身代词可以作表语、宾语、同位语。但是值得注意的是:反身代词不能作主语。如:
he is not himself these days. 这些天来他有点反常。(表语)
you can’t le**e your son by himself at home. he is too young.
你不能把你的儿子一人丢在家里。他太小了。(宾语)
the story itself is very interesting. i want to read it again.
这个故事本身非常有趣。我想再看一遍。(同位语)
反身代词在句中的用法,可以借助以下的口诀来帮助记忆:
反身代词表自身,句中可作三成分。
动、介后面作宾语,表示动作由自身。
句中强调同位语,主语宾语后面跟。
系动词be后作表语,这个用法记于心。
2. invite vt. ask somebody to do something very politely意为“邀请”,常用结构有:
①invite somebody to some place意为“邀请某人去某地”②invite somebody to do something“邀请某人做某事”,如:
i will invite all of my classmates to my twentieth birthday party.
i will invite all of my classmates to come to my twentieth birthday party.
我准备邀请所有我的同学来参加我的二十岁生日宴会。
拓展】invitation n.邀请、请柬,如:an invitation letter一封邀请函。
n. 意为“开始、开端、起点”,反义词为end
i read the story from beginning to end just now.
刚才我把这个故事从头至尾看了一遍。
拓展】常见固定结构。
at the beginning of意为“在……开始时”,反义词组是at the end of,意为“在……尽头”,如:
i met one of my best friends at the beginning of the sports meeting.
在运动会开始时我遇见了我最好的一个朋友。
in the beginning of意为“起初”,相当于at first,反义词组为in the end, finally, at last,意为“最终、最后”,如:
i found it very difficult to learn english well in the beginning.
起初我发觉学好英语非常难。
友情提醒】介词of与beginning/ end连用时,前面只能用at,而不能用in。
n.意为“令人感兴趣的人或事;兴趣”。作“兴趣”讲时常用作不可数名词。
常见的固定结构有:show interest in意为“对……表现出兴趣”,相当于be interested in意为“对……感兴趣”
bill gates showed great interest in science when he was young.
bill gates was interested in science when he was young.
拓展】interest还可以用作及物动词,意为“使……感兴趣”,此时也相当于be interested in意为“对……感兴趣”。如:
the great wall interests me.
i am interested in the great wall.
我对长城感兴趣。
interest的形容词有两种,即interesting和interested,意为“精彩的、感兴趣的”,但两者有区别。interesting强调事物的性质、属性,即事物本身有趣,可用作定语,直接放在名词的前面;而interested是动词interest的过去分词转变而来的,侧重状态、结果,只能用作表语。如:
we are all interested in the interesting film.
我们对这部有趣的电影都感兴趣。
类似的词还有:amazing/ amazed(惊奇的);surprising/surprised(奇怪的、吃惊的); boring/bored
(厌烦的);moving/moved(感人的、动人的)。
vi & vt.意为“决定、下决心”,常见的用法有两种:①与动词不定式连用,即decide to do something(决定做某事)②与that从句连用。如:
millie decided to study english hard from now on.
米莉从现在往后认真学习英语。
they decided that they would not give up smoking.
他们决定永不戒烟。
拓展】decision n.决心、决断。
make a decision下定决心、作出决定,此时相当于decide。如:
i made a decision to go abroad for my holiday.
i decided to go abroad for my holiday.
我决心到国外度假。
n.意为“惊奇、奇异、奇景、奇观”。如:
the great wall is one of the wonders in the world.
长城是世界上的奇观之一。
vt. 意为“想知道”(=want to know),还可作为“感到惊奇、对……疑惑”之意,后接疑问句和疑问副词引导的宾语从句或动词不定式作宾语。如:
i wonder what i could do next.=i wonder what to do next.
我想知道下一步干什么。
i wonder why jack doesn’t like studying english.
我纳闷为什么杰克不喜欢学习英语。
拓展】adj. wonderful 意为“令人惊奇的、奇妙的、精彩的”。如:
what a wonderful view! 多么奇妙的景观啊!
the browns had a wonderful time at the party.
布朗一家在宴会上玩得很开心。
adv. 意为“幸好、幸运的是”
luckily, the police caught the two robbers in the end.
幸运的是,警察最后抓住了那两个强盗。
拓展】luck(n.运气), lucky(adj. 幸运的)
good luck 好运 bad luck 倒霉。
good luck to somebody with something,意为“祝愿某人某事好运”
good luck to you with your english. 祝你英语好运。
反义词unluckily 不幸的、不走运的,是通过在前面加前缀-un实现的。
unluckily, millie was badly hurt in the car accident.
不幸的是,米莉在车祸中丧得很重。
类似的词还有:happy(高兴、幸福)—unhappy(不高兴、不幸福);like(像)—unlike(不像)等。
vi.高兴、欢呼、喝彩。
the boys cheered their football team. 男孩子们为他们的足球队加油。
拓展】n.高兴、喝彩。
cheers! 祝福!祝健康!干杯!(主要用于举杯为某人祝福时)
n.获胜者,由动词win转变而来的。
who is the winner of the long jump? 谁是跳远冠军?
拓展】win 意为“赢”,后面常接表示“比赛、名次、奖次”内容的词。
who won the 100-metre-race? 谁赢100米跑?
beat 意为“赢、打败”,其宾语往往是somebody
if i beat you, i will be the top. 如果我打败了你,我就是冠军了。
类似的词还有:play(玩)—player(运动员);climb(爬)—climber(登山者);swim(游泳)—swimmer(游泳者)等。
prep. more than 超过、多于。
there are over(more than)5 teaching buildings in our school.
我们学校有超过5幢教学楼。
拓展】prep. 在……之上。
the bridge over the river is made of metal. 河上的那座桥是金属制的。
adv. 结束。
the talk will be over five minutes later. 五分钟后演讲结束。
over可与许多动词构成词组。
turn over把……翻过来 think over仔细思考 go over复习、检查。
二、【词汇辨析】
一)coach 与 bus
1. coach表示“长途车”,指旅游车或四**马车。
it will take me half an hour to go to the summer palace by coach.
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