名词的复数。
1)规则变化直接加s
例如：眼睛eye-eyes 男孩boy-boys 女孩girl-girls 钢笔pen-pens
包 bag-bags 车car-cars
2) 以s, sh, ch, x结尾加es，读/iz/。
例如：三明治sandwich-sandwiches 汽车bus-buses 手表watch-watches 盒子box-boxes 刷子brush-brushes
3) 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加es，读/iz/。
例如：婴儿baby-babies 城市city-cities 国家country-countries
4) 以y结尾的专有名词或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s，读/z/
monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays (专有名词)
5）以辅音字母+o结尾的有生命的有生命的名词名词，加es，读/iz/。
例如：土豆potato- potatoes 西红柿tomato-tomatoes 英雄hero-heroes
2)7)以辅音+o结尾的无生命的名词，直接加s，读/z/.
例如：钢琴piano-pianos **photo-photos
8）有些以f或fe结尾的，把f或fe变ve加s，例如：叶子leaf-le**es 书架shelf-shelves
二）不规则变化。
1） child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth
mouse---mice man---men woman---women
二．人称代词及系动词的用法。
一）系动词的用法。
一．口诀：i我用am, you你用are，is用于她他它。单数用is，复数都用are。
二．人称代词主格与系动词的搭配及其缩写：
i am = i'm you are =you're he is = he's they are =they’re
she is = she's we are =we're you are =you're it is = it's
三．例句：1. i am a boy. 我是一个男孩。 (我i用am）
are a girl.你是一个女孩。 （你用are)
3. she is a teacher. 她是一位老师。 （is用于she她)
4. he is a doctor. 他是一名医生。 （is用于he 他)
5. it is an eraser. 它是一块橡皮擦。（is用于it它。
6. the apple is red. 这个苹果树红的。 （单数用is)
7. xiao ming is seven. 小明七岁了。（单数用is
8．we are students.我们是学生。 （复数用are)
9. they are birds. 他们是鸟。 （复数用are)
10. you are friends. 你们是朋友。 （复数用are)
四．语法练习：用适当的be动词填空。
___a frog. and they __frogs.
2. she __a beautiful （漂亮的） girl.
3. he __a handsome（英俊的） boy.
4. they __elephants. they h**e long nose.
5. thisa fish. it __a lovely （可爱的）.
6. that __a kite. it __flying （飞） in the sky.
7. what __this? it __a yellow banana .
8. what __they ? they __white horses.
9. where __it ? it __in the classroom.
10. she and he __good friends.
11. tom and jim __brothers.
12. lily __ten years old（岁）.
13. ia lemon. you __a pear.
14you wei hua ? no, i'm not.
15. you __tom . he __ken. she __mary
16. what __this? it __a pineapple.
17. what __that? it __a turtle .
18. _it a watermelon ? no, it __
19. _they cats? yes,they __
20. you __girls. we __boys.
? i __fine .
22you a good girl? yes,i __
___a pen. they __pencils.
lee __my teacher.
25. i __in class 3. lucy and i __good friends. she __nine.
26. i __peter . i __ten years old.
___a football player.
meyou mr barker?
and dick __good friends. they __in the same class.
name __patrick . i __from canada.
dolphin (海豚a sea animal .
32it alice's birthday today?
___not a donkey（毛驴）.
34. these questions __too difficult (困难的） for me .
___some clouds in the sky.
shoes __dirty . they need polishing (刷洗）.
三．动词过去式变化规则。
1、一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：玩play-played 问ask-asked 拜访visit -visited
2、结尾是e加d，如：练习practise-practised
3、末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped
4、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied
5、不规则动词过去式： am，is-was， are-were， do-did，h**e-had see-saw， say-said， give-g**e， get-got， go-went， come-came， h**e-had， eat-ate， take-took， run-ran， sing-sang， put-put， make-made， read-read， write-wrote， draw-drew， drink-drank， fly-flew， ride-rode， speak-spoke， sweep-swept， swim-swam， sit-sat
用行为动词的适当形式填空。
1. helive) in xuan wu two years ago.
2. the cateat) a bird last night.
3. weh**e) a party last halloween.
4. nancypick) up oranges on the farm last week.
5. imake) a model ship with mike yesterday.
6. theyplay) chess in the classroom last pe lesson.
7. my mothercook) a nice food last spring festival.
8. the girlssing) and __dance) at the party.
行为动词的过去时练习。
1. i __watch) a cartoon on saturday.
2. her fatherread) a news***** last night.
3. weto zoo yesterday, we __to the park. (go)
4. _youvisit) your relatives last spring festival?
5. _hefly) a kite on sunday? yes, he __
8. what __shefind) in the garden last morning? shefind) a beautiful butterfly.
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