知识要点。根据句子的结构，英语的句子可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。简单句的基本形式是由一个主语加一个谓语构成。其它各种句子形式都是由此句型发展而来。
1)简单句的五种基本句型。
1. 主语+谓语(不及物动词) [s + v] 如：the children are playing happily.
2. 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 [s+v+o] 如：the greens enjoy living in china.
3. 主语+谓语+表语 [s+v+p]
该句型谓语动词为连系动词。常见的系动词有：be(是); get(变得), bee(成为), turn(变得), look(看起来), feel(感到), smell(闻起来), taste(尝起来), sound(听起来), seem(似乎) 等the apple pie tastes really delicious.
4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语 [s+v+ino+do]
这种句型中的及物动词后跟双宾语，既指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。也可以把间接宾语放在直接宾语之后，但要加介词for或to。如：
my aunt bought me a puter. =my aunt bought a puter for me.
i passed him the salt. =i passed the salt to him.
5. 主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语 [s+v+o+oc] we must keep our school clean.
练习：用五个英语的基本句型各造3个英语句子。
1.[s + v]
2. [s+v+o]
3.[s+v+p
4.[s+v+ino+do
5.[s+v+o+oc]
2)一般疑问句。
一般疑问句对全句提出疑问，用yes或no回答。其结构为：be动词(is, am, was, were)或情态动词(can, will, shall)或助动词(do, does, did)+主语+其他？
通常译为"..吗？"如：
are you a student? can you sing an english song? did they watch tv last night?
练习：i. 将下列句子改为一般疑问句。1-4句作肯定回答，5-8句作否定回答。
1. my sister is older than mary.
2. they like collecting le**es.
3. mr green was here yesterday.
4. we took lots of pictures last week.
5. jim does well in english.
6. she can sing and dance.
7. there are some sheep on the hill.
ii.根据所给答语，选择相应的问句。
i do. a. is it time to h**e a lesson?
2. no, you can't. b. do you often go to the supermarket ?
3. no, she isn't. c. are their friends from different countries?
4. yes, they are. d. is nancy a japanese girl?
5. no, it's time to h**e a rest. e. can i play the piano now?
6. no, he didn't. f. did sam run faster than tom three years ago?
iii. 根据实际情况回答问题。
1. are you a student?
2. is your mum a nurse?
3. do you like english?
4. are there any japanese students in your school?
5. would you like some apples?
知识要点。3)特殊疑问句。
特殊疑问句由特殊疑问词引导，针对句子中的某一个具体部分提问，要求作具体回答。特殊疑问句的结构一般是：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序？
我们所用的"对划线部分提问"的题目就是将陈述句转变为特殊疑问句。
练习：对下列句中画线部分内容提问。
1. her uncle is john.
2. her uncle's name is john.
3. they go to school at about 7:00 every morning.
4. my father is a driver.
5. they are going to fly kites in the park.
6. it's about four kilometers away from here.
7. my father is cleaning the car.
8. the woman in the car is my aunt.
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