八下 unit 8 导学案。
知识点总结 section a
you read little woman yet? 你读过《小妇人》这本书吗？
解析】现在完成时现在完成时的基本句型：
肯定式：主语 + 助动词h**e/has + 动词的过去分词。
疑问式：助动词h**e/has + 主语 + 动词的过去分词？
否定式： 主语 + 助动词h**e/has + not + 动词的过去分词
现在完成时的主要用法
1）.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常和副词already, yet, never, ever ,before ,just等连用。.
i h**e finished my homework. i am free
我已经完成了家庭作业，对现在造成的结果是很有空)
2）.表示过去已经开始， 持续到现在的动作或状态。常与since + 过去的时间点，for + 一段时间，so far 等时间状语连用。
i h**e learnt english for more than ten years.
我已经学了10多年的英语。(从10年前开始，持续到现在还在学)
she has swum since half an hour ago.
我已经游泳了半个小时 (半个小时前已经开始游泳，到现在还在游)
already/ yet的区别：
a）already 往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；
b）yet 用于否定句和疑问句。
he has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。
my teachers h**en’t had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。
h**e you written to your parents yet?
】 —jack, let’s go to see the movie harry potter
oh, i __it many times. so i don’t want to see it.
seenb. seec. will see
】—why don’t you go to the movie with me, betty? —because i __it before.
b. h**e seen c. see
it like? 它怎么样？
解析】某物怎么样？ what’s +物+like? how+be + 物。
某人怎么样？what’s +人+like? 用来提问人的性格。
what do / does +人 + look like?用来提问人的外表。
】— what does anna look like
a. she’s kind b. she’s tall c. she likes skating
book report is due in two weeks. 读书报告两周后就要到期了。
解析1】due adj. 预期；预定 , 通常只用作表语。
be due to do sth 预期做某事
you are due to hand in your composition on friday afternoon.
解析2】in two weeks “两周之后”，in意为“在。以后”，
in+一段时间”用在一般将来时的句子中，意为“在。时间）后”。
he will be back in a week. 一周之后，他将回来。
注意】：after 常用在一般过去式的句子中。
he got to beijing after two hours. 他是两个小时后到北京的。
i first arrived on this island , i had nothing. 当我第一次到这个岛上的时候，我一无所有。
解析】nothing 没有什么；没有东西
用法：（1）不定代词，意为“什么也没有，没有东西”。相当于not…anything.
there is nothing in the fridgeshe has nothing to do
2) 当有修饰词来修饰nothing等不定代词时，要放在不定代词后面。
修饰词可以是形容词、动词不定式等。
i want something to drink. i h**e nothing special to tell you
would you like吃的东西)？
】--tom, supper is ready.
--i don't want to eat___mum. i'm not feeling well.
a. everything b. nothing c. something d. anything
】a smile costsbut gives so much.
a. something b. anything c. nothing d .everything
5. i’ve brought back many things i can use — food and drink ,tools , knives and guns.
我带回许多我能用的东西 ——食物、饮料、工具、刀和枪。
解析】bring 带来 【辨析】fetch/ bring/ take
1)fetch v 去拿来=get 去（某地)拿来（讲话者处）
2)bring (brought, brought) v 带来从（某地）拿到（讲话者处）
bring up 养育，养大 bring sb. sth = bring sth to sb. 给某人带某物
3)take v 带来从（讲话者）拿走take →took → taken
短语】take care 小心 take charge of 负责，看管 take hold of 握住
take off 脱下 take out 取出 take a look 看一看 take away 拿走
take exercise 做运动 take it easy 不紧张 take one’s time 从容不迫
) oh ,i’ve left my schoolbag in the classroom
don’t worry. i’ll __it for you.
a. bring b. get c. carry d. take
) the teacher told the students __any food into the classroom .
a. not to bring b. not bring c. don’t bring d. to bring not
)③don’t forget __your history and politics books tomorrow morning.
a. bring b. to bring c. bringing
】— sam, my iphone is in my bedroom. could you __it for me?
no problem.
b. fetch c. take d. carry
】—i’ve left my keys in the meeting room. please __them for me.
all right.
b. paint c. wash d. fetch
】－i’m sorry, mr li. i __my english homework at home
don’t forget __it to school tomorrow
to bring b. forgot, to take c. lost, to bring
else is on my island? 是谁在我的岛上？
解析】else 其他的；别的
辨析】other /else
1)other adj.“别的；其他的” 修饰n. 放名词前作定语。 on the other hand ―另一方面
2) else adj.“别的；其他的” 放疑问词或不定代词之后。
. what __do you want to say?
. what __thing do you want? a. other b. others c. else d. till
. there is __in his home.
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