7年级上—语法训练1—动词。
前要:动词:人或事物动作和状态的词。
动词包括实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态动词和使役动词。
动词还分时态,现阶段我们主要掌握一般现在时。
一般现在时:
以下我们讲的动词也是他们的一般现在时的用法。
知识点:一、系动词be (am、is、are)的用法。
1. 肯定式和否定式。
肯定式i am, you are, he/she/it is, we/ you/ they are
否定式i am not, you are not, he/she/it is not, we/ you/ they are not
2. 疑问式和简单答语。
3. 缩略式。
肯定式:i'm, you're, he's/she’s/it’s, we're, you're, they're
否定式:i'm not, isn't, aren't
其他:that is—that’s, what is—what’s; who is—who’s; where is—where’s
my name is—my name’s
be在下列情况下不能缩写。
be 放句首例:is that a car?
肯定句的简略回答。
—is it a pencil?
—yes, it is.
am和not 例:i am not lucy.
两个缩写不可同时使用。
they are not students. =they’re not students. =they aren’t students.
4. 其他可做系动词的词。
1)持续系动词:表示主语动作继续或保持一种状况或态度的系动词。如:
keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand等。 1. please keep quiet, boys and girls.
2. this matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。
2) 用来表示“看起来像”这一概念的系动词。如:seem, appear, look等。
1. he looks tired. 2. he seems very sad.
3) 感官系动词。如:sound, smell.
1. it sounds great. 听起来不错。
4) 表示主语“变成什么样”的系动词。如: become, turn out.
1. he become a doctor in 1998.
2. his plan turned out a success. 他的计划成功了。
二、实义动词的用法。
了解部分:实义动词分为及物动词和不及物动词,需要加宾语的动词是及物动词,不能直接加宾语的动词是不及物动词。
一)及物动词例:he speaks english well.
二)不及物动词,例:i go to school by bus. listen to me, boys and girls.
1. 肯定式、否定式。
2. 疑问式和简单答语。
do i/you like swimming? —yes, you/i do. —no, you/i do not (don’t).
does he/she/it like swimming? —yes, he/she/it does. —no, he/she/it does not (doesn’t)
3.动词的第三人称单数变化。
当主语是第三人称单数(他/她/它或某个人)的时候,后面的动词也要变成第三人称单数形式作谓语。
1 规则变化:单数第三人称形式的构成与名词复数的构成方法基本相同。
一般动词直接加s ,在清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音或元音后读/z/, 在t后读/ts/,在d后读/dz/。例:help-helps,ride-rides;
以s、x、ch、sh或o结尾加es, 读/iz/。例:guess-guesses,go-goes;
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词,y变成i加-es 读/z/。例:fly-flies;以“元音字母+y”结尾的词,直接加s,读/z/。例:play-plays。
2 不规则变化:h**e-has
附加:清辅音:[p][t][k][f][s] 浊辅音:[b][d][g][v][z]
7年级上—语法训练1—动词。
一、用am,is,are填空。
1.excuse methis your eraser?
2.whatthosethey birds?
3.thishis ruler. wheremy ruler?
4.iin class threeyou in class three,too?
5these her english books?
6.thosetheir apples. wherehis apples?
7.sheeleven. how oldthat boy?
8.hemy friendyour friend a boy or a girl?
9those maps? no,theynot. theypictures.
10.theseyour bananas. here you
二、单项选择。
1.this __her father. these __her parents.
a. is, is b. is, are c. are, isd. are, are
2.is he your friend? yes
a. it is b. it isn’t c. he isd. he isn’t
3.is this your father? no
a. it is b. it isn’t c. he isd. he isn’t
4.arekate’s
a. this, book b. that,book c. these,books d. those,book
5.is guo peng your brother
a. yes,it is b. no,it isn’t c. yes, she is d. no,he isn’t
6.are those your parents? yes
a. they are b. they aren’t c. those are d. those aren’t
7.—is that your computer? —yes
a. it’sb. it’s no c. it isd. this is
8.is she your aunt? yes
a. she’s b. her isc. she isd. he is
9. are those your friends
a. yes, they’reb. no, they are
c. yes, they ared. yes, those are
10.--is __chinese car ? no, _isn’t.
a. that, this b. this, it c. it, this d. that, that
11.tom and i __good friends. he __twelve.
a. am, isb. is, are c. are, are d. are, is
12.here __two books.
a. isb. arec. with d. in
13.here __a letter and two books for you.
a. isb. arec. h**e d. has
14.“do you h**e a television?” no, i
a. h**eb. hasc. dod. don’t
15.she __sports. she only __them on tv.
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