非谓语动词。
非谓语动词的变化形式。
一）辨别谓语与非谓语。
特别注意分析句子的结构才能辨别谓语与非谓语。
the traffic rule says young children under the age of four and __less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.
a. being weighedb. weighs c. weighed d. weighing
___blood if you can and many lives will be s**ed.
a. givingb. givec. givend. to give
二）非谓语作主语、宾语的重点。
充当动词不定式的形式主语或形式宾语。
it is important for us to learn english very well.对我们来说学好英语是非常重要的。
②i think it important for us to learn english very well.我认为对我们来说学好英语是非常重要的。
it作形式主语使用动名词的句型。
it is no use/no good/useless+doing sth.
it is no use crying.哭没有用。
it is fun(a great pleasure, a waste of time)
it is a waste of time trying to explain.设法解释是浪费时间。
2.用不定式还是用动名词作宾语有特殊规定。
i don’t want __like i’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.
a. to sound b. to be sounded c. sounding d. to h**e sounded
类似的知识点要记牢。如：help, hope, ask, refuse, decide, promise, wish, pretend, expect, arrange, learn, plan, demand, dare, manage, agree, prepare, fail, determine, offer, choose, desire, elect, long等动词后要用动词不定式作宾语。
it is difficult to imagine his __the decision without any consideration.
a. acceptb. acceptingc. to acceptd. accepted
类似的知识点要记牢。下列常见的这些动词（组）后要用动词动名词作宾语。
suggest, risk, devote oneself to（建议冒险去献身）
finish, imagine, bear/stand, look forward to（完成想象忍盼望）
give up, delay/put off, regret, miss（放弃延期悔失去）
insist on/stick to, enjoy/appreciate, feel like, practice（坚持欣赏要实践）
pay attention to, excuse, escape/**oid, object to（注意原谅逃/避反对）
keep, be/get used to/be accustomed to, mind（保持习惯勿介意）
be worth, set about/burst out/get down to, be busy（值得开始将忙乎）
i can’t stand __with jane in the same office. she just refuses___talking while she works.
a. working , stopping b. to work, stopping c. working, to stop d. to work , to stop
isn't it time you got down to___the *****s?
a. markb. be marked c. being markedd. marking
there is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars __road conditions need __
a. that, to be improvedb. which , to be improved
c. where, improvingd. when, improving
susan wanted to be independent of her parents. she triedalone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home.
a. livingb. to livec. to be livingd. h**ing lived
all the staff in our company are considering___to the city centre for the fashion show.
a. to gob. goingc. to h**e gone d. h**ing gone
三）非谓语作宾语补足语的重点。
1.理解下表中所列的关系。
when i came in, i saw her dancing happily. （主动进行）
i saw him go to the cinema.（主动，全过程）
we heard her singing next door.（主动进行）
we heard the song sung by her next door. （被动完成）
we heard the song being sung next door. （被动进行）
2.下列动词和短语必须以用不定式作宾语补足语。
wish, want, ask, require/request, order, warn, allow/permit, forbid, expect, remind, encourage, inspire, call on, depend on
注意：advise/allow/permit/forbid +宾语+不定式作宾语补足语。
advise/allow/permit/forbid +动名词作宾语时。
what did the librarian __out of the library?
a. permit to takeb. forbid to be taken
c. allow to taked. insist being taken
i don’t allow __in my office and i don’t allow my family __at all.
a. to smoke…smokingb. smoking…to smoke
c. to smoke…to smoked. smoking…smoking
the teacher asked usso much noise
a. don’t makeb. not makec. not ******d. not to make
—excuse me sir, where is room 301?
—just a minute. i’ll h**e bob __you to your room.
a. showb. showsc. to showd. showing
a cook will be immediately fired if he was found __in kitchen.
a. smokeb. smokingc. to smoked. smoked
to learn english well, we should find opportunities to hear english as much as we can.
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