专题六非谓语动词常考点。
非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和分词。非谓语动词一直是高考中的热点。解答非谓语动词的题目时，一定要解析句子结构，确定所设空是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，以及非谓语动词在句子中充当的功能(如状语、定语或宾补)；找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻辑主语是什么关系(主动还是被动)；搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动词的恰当形式。
动名词和不定式作主语
如果表语是不定式，主语也是不定式；表语是动名词，主语也是动名词。如：
to see is to believe.＝seeing is believing.
动名词作主语的句型。如：
it is no use/no good/useless doing sth.
it is a waste of time doing(也可用it is a waste of time to do)
动词不定式和动名词的复合结构：
动词不定式的复合结构有两种：it is difficult/easy/possible/necessary/..for sb.
to do sth.和it is kind/wise/foolish/considerate/..of sb.
to do。
动名词的复合结构是由名词所有格或“物主代词＋动名词”构成。在口语和非正式语体中，只要不是作主语，动名词复合结构中的逻辑主语常采用名词通格或人称代词宾格。如：
his coming made me happy.
i can't imagine his/him living there alone.
动名词被动式作主语(过去分词不可作主语)。如：
being exposed to the sunlight for a long time does harm to your skin.
完成下列句子：
it's foolish你相信他说的话)．
it's impossible他做这样的事)．
do you mind我抽烟)?
it's no use你和他争辩)．
go) abroad is an honour to me.
take) abroad is an honour to me.
devote) to his work made him succeed.
答案】①of you to believe what he said ②for him to do such a thing ③my/me smoking ④your/you arguing with him ⑤going ⑥being taken ⑦being devoted
动名词和不定式作宾语
下面的动词要求用不定式作宾语：
attempt(企图)，afford(负担得起)，demand(要求)，long(渴望)，desire(渴望)，expect，hope，wish，want，swear(发誓)，volunteer(自愿)，offer(提供)，fail(未能)，plan，care(关心，喜欢)，happen(碰巧)，prepare(准备)，learn(学习)，choose(选择)，hesitate(犹豫)，claim(要求)，promise，undertake(承接)，appear(似乎)，seek(寻觅)，refuse(拒绝)，decide(决定)，determine(决定)，manage(设法)，pretend(假装)，agree(同意)，bother(烦恼)，intend(想要)，wait(等待)
下面的动词只能用动名词作宾语：
acknowledge(承认)，admit(承认)，deny(否认)，mention(说到，讲到)，tolerate/stand/bear(忍受)，dislike(不喜欢)，advocate(提倡，主张)，appreciate(感激，欣赏)，**oid(避免)，enjoy(享受)，envy(嫉妒)，delay(延迟)，postpone(延迟，延期)，escape(逃跑，逃避)，excuse/pardon/forgive(原谅)，fancy(幻想，爱好)，imagine(想象)，f**our(造成，偏爱)，mind(介意)，miss(错过)，finish(完成)，resist(抵抗)，risk(冒险)，involve(包含)，practise(实践)，suggest/advise/recommend(建议)，prevent(阻止)，keep(保持)，quit/abandon(放弃，停止)，understand(理解)，include(包括)
后接动名词作宾语的动词短语和句型有：
h**e(no/much/some/..difficulty/trouble/a hard time(in)，take pleasure in，spend time/money (in)，waste time(in)，be worth，be busy，feel like，be committed to
to作为介词的短语有：
look forward to，pay attention to，object to＝be opposed to，be devoted to，stick to，come close to(差一点)，get down to(开始认真做)，get/be accustomed/used to(doing), lead to＝contribute to(sb. doing/being done)
allow，permit，forbid，advise，recommend的用法：
allow/permit/forbid/advise/recommend＋doing
allow/permit/forbid/advise/recommend＋sb.＋to do如：
i don't allow smoking in my room.
i don't allow him to smoke in my room.
用所给词的适当形式填空：
we agreedmeet) here but so far she hasn't turned up yet.
the discovery of the new evidence led to the thiefcatch)．
janey pretendedwrite) when her mother came in.
i can hardly imagine petersail) across the atlantic ocean in five days.
the doctor advised himstop) smoking.
答案】①to meet ②being caught ③to be writing ④sailing ⑤to stop
注意区别下列动词后接不定式和动名词
forget to do sth. 忘记要去做某事(此事未做)
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(此事已做过或已发生)
remember to do sth. 记得去做某事(未做)
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做)
stop to do 停止(某件事)，目的是去做另一件事。
stop doing 停止正在或经常做的事。
go on to do 继续(去做另外一件事情)
go on doing 继续(原先没有做完的事情)
regret to do sth. 对要做的事感到遗憾(遗憾地要去做某事)
regret doing sth. 对过去做过的事或未做过的事感到后悔(后悔做过或未做过某事)
try to do 努力、企图做。
try doing 试验、试一试某种办法。
mean to do (人)打算，有意要……
mean doing (物)意味着。
can't help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做某事。
can't help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事。
用所给词的适当形式填空：
don't you remembersee) the man before?
i regretinform) you that the meeting has been cancelled.
let's trydo) the work some other way.
i didn't meanhurt) your feeling.
i'm so busy that i can't helpclean) the house with you.
after we finished our homework，we went onreview) the new lesson.
答案】①seeing ②to inform ③doing ④to hurt ⑤(to) clean ⑥to review
不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别
不定式作表语，一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。
如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。
2019高考英语语法复习专题精讲精练动词和动词短语
一 动词的分类。二 动词短语的构成。说明 这一讲不涉及动词的时态 语态 语气 非谓语动词以及情态动词等语法内容 这部分请参看后面有关的各讲的内容 william found it increasingly difficult to read,for his eyesight was beginnin...
2019高考英语语法复习专题精讲精练状语从句
1.时间状语从句。one friday,we were packing to le e for a weekend away my daughter heard cries for help.a.afterb.whilec.sinced.when 解析 答案为d。when在句中表示 就在这时 突然 ...
2019高考英语语法精讲精练专题十二情景交际常考点
专题十二情景交际常考点。近几年高考对日常交际用语的考查比重增大，题型也日趋灵活和多样化。要注意中西方思维和表达上的差异命题，同时要了解英语中常见俗语 谚语，并能在具体语境中恰到好处地运用。习惯应答类 许多情景对话中使用的是英美人的习惯用语。问候 告别 打 问路 看病 购物等常见的交际话题均有其较为固...