讲稿高考时态复习讲解

时态与语态。

表中带*的时态是新课标规定之处的语法项目，高考只考不带*的10种时态。下面分考点诠释高考中的这10种热点时态。

考点一一般现在时。

1．一般用法。

1)表示现在经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。（often, usually, always, every day, on weekends…）

my mother works in a bankshe is a senior student.

2)表示客观真理、客观存在、科学事实等。（不受时态限制）s

the earth moves around the sun. the geography teacher told us the earth moves around the sun.

考例： months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which __the pacific, and we met no storms. （05辽宁卷）

a．was called b．is called c．had been called d．has been called

3) 在以when, till/ until, as soon as, by the time, after, before等引导的时间状语从句，在以if, unless, once等引导的条件状语从句。

和以no matter, however, even if 等词引导的让步状语从句中，如果主句中的动词用一般将来时，从句中的动词通常用一般现在时或现在完成时代替一般将来时。

i will tell him the news as soon as i see him.

考例：the number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people __to eat more fruit and vegetables.

persuade b. will persuade c. be persuade d. are persuaded

翻译if you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。

4)表示按时间表、规定、计划或安排将要发生的动作。常用于be, go, come, start, le**e, arrive, begin, open, close等表示起始的短暂性动词。句子中常有表示将来的时间状语。

the plane le**es at three sharp. 飞机三点整起飞。

the new teachers arrive tomorrow. 新老师们明天到。

5) **、电影及舞台指导说明、故事重述、报刊标题、引用快报或名人名言重用一般现在是表示或说明过去的事。

hundred of people die in the earthquake.

two weeks later, the women arrives at the farmer’s house.

特殊句型。here/there comes our teacher.(一般现在时表正在发生的动作)

it is +时间段+since….

it is /has been five years since i moved here.

6)表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see、hear、smell、taste、feel、notice、agree、believe、like、hate、want、think、belong seem等。如：

i know what you meansmith owns a car an

注意：1.在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将来时。但要注意由if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表“意愿”，但不表示时态。

if you will accept my invitation and come to our party, my family will be pleased.

如果你愿意接受并参加我们的舞会，我的家人会非常高兴。

2. 在间接引语中，如果转述的是客观真理，一般规律，谚语俗语，一般现在时时态保持不变。

a：he said the earth __round.

3. when作为"当、、时候"，引导状语从句时，从句用一般现在时表示将来的情况，如果引导的是宾语从句，表示"什么时候"，则将来的情况仍然用一般将来时，when he comes, i __let you know

i don't know when he __visit me.

动词三单形式的变化规则：

大多数动词直接+s

以s,sh,ch,x,o结尾的动词+es

以辅音字母+y结尾的动词变y为i+es

c. 一些时间副词如seldom, usually, sometimes, often, never, every day等既可以用于过去时，也可以用于一般现在时。要注意区分。

例如：he often goes swimming. /he often went swimming in 1999.

all the students here belong to no.1 middle school.

考点二一般过去时。

1)表示在确定的过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态 (last year,yesterday,just now, at that time, in the past, then, in 2002, a few days ago…)

where did you go just now? 你刚才去**了？

2) 表示过去经常或反**生的动作。

i went to the cinema once a week when i was at school. 我上学时每周去看一场电影。

3) 在时间，条件方式，让步状语从句中，代替过去将来时。

they said they would let me know as soon as they got there.他们说只要他们一到那儿就会马上让我知道的。

4)表示没有确定的过去时间但实际已发生的动作。

常见的有“i didn't know...或“i forgot...等，表示事先不知道或者不记得，但现在已知道或者记得的事情。

i didn’t recognize him.

i didn’t notice it

i didn’t know

why didn’t you / i think of that?

i forgot to tell you i had been there with my brother before.

i didn't know you were so busy. 没想到你这么忙。

i didn't expect to meet you here. 我没想到在这儿碰到你。

5)since后的从句常用一般过去式。

you h**en’t changed much since we last met. 自从上次见面以来，你变化不大。

6) 追述过去的人或事。

the book was written by mr liang shuqiu.

lei feng set a good example to the people throughout the world.

动词过去式的构成：

1)规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则：

①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。

②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，去e再加-ed。如：live-lived。

③末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。

④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。

2)不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, take-took, h**e (has)-had等。

考点三一般将来时。

1.表示客观上将势必发生的事情或临时做出的打算。

we shall h**e a lot of rain next month. 下个月会有很多雨。

where is the dictionary? 字典在哪儿？

i will go and get it for you. 我去给你拿。

2．其他表达法。

1)be going to＋动词原形表示主观计划、打算做某事或根据某种迹象表明某事即将发生。

we are not going to stay there long. 我们不准备在那里久住。

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