高考英语一轮复习一语法基础考点七情态动词和虚拟语气

发布 2021-05-08 17:34:28 阅读 1784

考点七情态动词和虚拟语气。

限时25分钟。

一、单句语法填空。

1.weenjoy) the sunshine in sanya now if it were not for the delay of our flight.

答案:would be enjoying 句意:要不是耽搁了航班,我们现在正在三亚享受阳光。

根据后面的“now”和“if it were not for ..可知,此处是对现在状况的虚拟,故主句用would be doing。

2.when i was small, my momread me stories at night.

答案:would 句意:当我小时候,我母亲常常在晚上给我读故事。would “过去常常”,表示过去的习惯性的行为。

3.the accidenth**e been caused by a dog running across the road, but we don't know for sure.

答案:might 句意:事故可能是由一条横穿马路的狗引起的,但我们不确定。分析句子可知,本句是对过去动作的推测,可能性不大,故填might。

4.he looked so hungry as though heeat) a decent meal for a month.

答案:hadn't eaten 句意:他看起来如此饿好像已有一个月没有吃过一顿像样的饭了。由主句中的looked可知,as if/though后面跟过去完成时表示对过去的虚拟。

5.i was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise, ikeep) you waiting for such a long time.

答案:wouldn't h**e kept 句意:我在交通堵塞中被困了一个多小时,否则我不会让你等这么长时间。

句中用了虚拟语气,otherwise说明的从句内容和过去事实相反,指如果不被交通阻塞困住,主句谓语动词用“would/should/could/might +h**e+过去分词”形式。

6.although passing the driving testbe difficult now, it's worth the efforts.

答案:can 句意:虽然现在通过驾驶考试可能是困难的,但付出的努力是值得的。此处用can表示有时可能会,故填can。

7.my motherbe) angry with me, but i couldn't shut my mouth before i shouted at her!

答案:wouldn't h**e been 句意:我母亲本来不会对我生气的,但在我对她大叫之前,我不能闭上嘴!wouldn't h**e done “本来不会做某事”。

8.i'm not sure of the reason for the dog's illness, but itcause) by eating too much.

答案:may h**e been caused 句意:我不能肯定狗生病的原因,但它也许是因为吃得太多了。

根据前句“i'm not sure of the reason for the dog's illness”可知,这里为不肯定的推测,故用may h**e done “可能做某事”;由于dog's illness与cause之间为被动关系,故答案为may h**e been caused。

9.—can i pay the bill by check?

sorry, sir. but it is the rule of our hotel that paymentbe made in cash.

答案:shall 句意:——我可以用支票付账吗?

——对不起,先生。但这是我们酒店的规定,应当以现金付款。shall可以在法律条文、规章制度中表示规定或义务等,此处是旅馆的规定。

10.passengerstalk to the driver while the bus is moving, because it will take his focus off the road.

答案:mustn't 句意:当公共汽车开动时,乘客不得与司机交谈,因为这将把他的注意力从路上转移开来。此处表示“禁止,不允许”,故用mustn't。

11.d**id didn't attend his daughter's graduation ceremony, but he does wish hebe) there.

答案:had been 句意:戴维没有参加女儿的毕业典礼,但他确实希望他能在那里。这里wish后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,与过去的事实相反,用过去完成时。

12.even a small personal computerstore vast amounts of information.

答案:can 句意:即使是一台小型个人电脑也能储存大量的信息。此处表示一种能力,故填can。

13.the report is scheduled to be handed in tomorrow, so heattend) the concert with his family yesterday.

答案:couldn't h**e attended 句意:这份报告定于明天提交,昨天他不可能和家人去听**会。

couldn't h**e done表示对过去事情有把握的否定推测,意为“不可能已经做了某事”。

14.i am sorry i am very busy now. if ih**e) time, i would certainly go to the movies with you.

答案:had 根据前面的“i am sorry i am very busy now.”可知,是对现在的虚拟,if从句中使用一般过去时。

15.itwell be the largest cathedral in the world.

答案:may 句意:它很可能是世界上最大的大教堂。may与well连用,表“很可能”。

16.most green tea drinkers do not add milk or sugar, but youif you like.

答案:can 句意:大部分喝绿茶的人不(往茶里)加牛奶或糖,但是如果你喜欢,你可以加。can表示许可,符合句意。

17.the head teacher demanded that the *****finish) after class.

答案:(should) be finished demand后的宾语从句应该用虚拟语气,即“(should+)动词原形”,由于finish与the *****之间存在动宾关系,所以用被动语态。

18.how i wish ih**e) the chance to watch the football games with my father, who was a reporter there.

答案:had had wish从句用虚拟语气,根据逗号后面的非限制性定语从句中的谓语动词was可知,这里表示的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,因此应用过去完成时。

19.there was a lot of fun at yesterday's party. youcome), but why didn't you?

答案:should h**e come 句意:昨天的聚会很有趣。你本应该来,为什么没来呀?should h**e done sth.表示本应该做某事而实际上没做。

20.antarctica was so mystically described by some people. if only ibe) there!

答案:had been 句意:南极洲被一些人描述得很神奇。

如果我去过那里就好了!if only “要是……就好了”引导的句子应使用虚拟语气,表示与过去情况相反的假设,应使用过去完成时,故答案为had been。

21.itbe) mr black because he is away on a trip to china.

答案:can't be 句意:那人不可能是布莱克先生,因为他去中国旅游了。

根据because引导的原因状语从句的内容可知,说话者的推测是很有把握的。表示非常有把握的否定推测应该用can't。

22.youas well tell us now; we'll find out sooner or later.

答案:may/might 句意:你最好现在告诉我们,我们迟早会查明的。may/might as well是固定搭配,意为“最好,倒不如”。

23.the dooropen, no matter how hard she pushed.

答案:wouldn't 句意:无论她怎么用力推,门总是打不开。主语the door为物,且pushed表示过去,故填wouldn't表示一种倾向性。

24it rain tomorrow, we would h**e to cancel the football match.

答案:should 本句中条件句是对将来状况的虚拟,当条件句中有助动词had, were, should时,可以将if省略,把这些助动词放在句首,构成倒装结构。

25you interrupt now? can't you see i'm on the phone?

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