lesson one: rock superstars: what do they tell us about ourselves and our society?
1. rock superstars 摇滚乐超级明星
rock : rock music , rock ' n ' roll ( or : rock and roll )摇滚乐
早期的摇滚乐是源于美国的民歌( folk )爵士乐( jazz )勃鲁斯歌曲(blues)等的一种**，其特征是具有强烈的节奏 ( rhythm )单纯的旋律 ( melody )一再重复的歌词和音符的后拍音 ( after beat )
2. rock is the music of teenage rebellion .摇滚乐是青少年的反叛**
a. teenage adj. pertaining to a teenager ( 13 至 19 岁的 ) 青少年的。
其名词形式为teenager: (13至19岁的青少年).
b. rebellion : resistance to or defiance of any authority 造反，反派。
如； a rebellion against old traditions 对旧传统的反叛。
3. by a man’s heroes ye shall know him. 你将从一****的英雄得知其人。
a.这句句子的句型与英语中常说的 judge a man by the company he keeps(以一个人所交的朋友断定其为人)很相似。
b. ye = you 用于古英语或诗歌中，是第二人称代词thou的复数。 如：
ye are the salt of the earth .你们是社会的中坚。 (出自《圣经》)
4. 'midnight rambler
ramble : walk for pleasure漫游，既可表动词，也可作名词。
如； they rambled through the woods.他们在林中漫步。
5. .he said, 'grabs a half-gallon jug of water and runs along the front platform, sprinkling its contents over the first rows of sweltering listeners ..
a. grab : to seize suddenly , eagerly , or roughly ; snatch 急抓，夺取。
如： he jumped up from the table, grabbed his hat and ran out of the door.
他从桌子旁跳了起来，抓起自己的帽子，奔出门去。
另外，grab后面可以跟其他名词或名词短语。 如：
grab a shower快速冲了澡，
grab a sandwich,胡乱吃了一个三明治，
grab a taxi 赶搭出租车。
有时，还可以作不及物动词。 如：
he grabbed at the opportunity of going abroad. 他设法抓住这次出国的机会 b. sprinkle :
to scatter drops or particles of water , powder or the like on 洒液体，撒粉末等(于。上). 如：
they sprinkled ashes on the icy sidewalk .他们在积水溜滑的人行道上撒了灰。
we sprinkle the lawn every day .我们每天给草坪洒水。
以'' sprinkling ''引导的短语是动词的 ''ing ''形式做伴随状语。 再如：
they stood there , watching the basketball .他们站在那里，**篮球比赛。
6. they surge to follow him, eager to be touched by a few baptismal drops.
a. surge : to move or swell forward in or like w**es 如波涛汹涌而至。
a crowd surged out of the theater .观众从剧院里蜂拥而出。
b. 以形容词'' eager ''引导的不定式词组在语法功能上起着并列分句的作用。
7. some 14,000 screaming fans were crunching up to the front of the stage at capital center...
a. some : before a number ) approximately , about (在数字前)大约。
如： some twenty students大约20个学生。
b. scream to make a loud , sharp cry 尖声大叫。
' screaming ''是动词 scream的 ''ing ''形式作前置修饰语， 'screaming fans ''意为"尖声大叫的歌迷"
c. crunch : to proceed with a crushing noise嘎吱嘎吱地往前。
如： the children crunched through the snow .孩子们嘎吱嘎吱地踩着雪走。
8. i ought to be crawling on my knees.
a. crawled : to move with the face downward and the boys close to the ground爬行。
如； the bus crawled along .公共汽车缓慢地行进。
注意：短语 crawl into the f**or of one's superiors表示"卑躬屈膝地讨好上司".
b. on one's knees : 双膝跪地。
9. how do you feel about all this adulation and hero worship?
a. feel about : consider , think of 觉得，感到。经常用于疑问句中，
如： how do you feel about the suggestion? 你认为这个建议怎么样？
b. adulation 是adulate的名词形式。
adulate : flatter or admire excessively过分赞赏，奉承，恭维。
如： one can hardly understand why young people so adulate film stars.
年轻人为什么如此过分赞赏影星，真让人费解。
10. or are you drawn somehow to this strange clown , perhaps because he acts out your wildest fantasies ?
a. draw : attracts 吸引。
如： some mutual interests draw us together .一些共同的兴趣把我们吸引到一块了。
b. somehow : in some way not specified or known 不知什么缘故。
如： somehow i don't like this novel though it is so popular.
这本**虽然很流行，但不知什么原因我却不喜欢它。
c. fantasy : imagination , esp. when it is let free and not held back(自由奔放的)想象，幻想，狂想。
wildest fantasies ,最为狂妄的奇想。
11. these aren't idle questions.
idle : of no real worth or purpose 无聊的。
如： idle rumor无聊的谎言。
12. horwitz sees the rock music arena as a sort of debating forum, a place where ideas clash and crash.
a. see ..as ..consider ..as ..把。看作。
b. forum : a meeting place of discussion of matters of public interest论坛。
c. a place 是a sort of debating forum的同位语，后面由 where引导的句子是定语从句，修饰 a place.
' ideas clash and crash ''意为"各种思想冲撞".
13. 'the redefinition, 'horowitz says ''is a task uniquely performed by the young...
' uniquely performed by the young ''是过去分词短语，用于修饰前面的''a task''.
14. it is they alone who combine invention and exaggeration...
a. it is ..who ( that ) 是强调句式。
b. lone : after a noun or pronoun ) only(在名词或代词后面)仅，只。
his name alone was enough to draw a large audience .仅仅他的名字就足以吸引一大批观众。
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