要点梳理与训练（book 2）
要点梳理。1. too … to … 意为“太……以至于不能……”too后接形容词或副词，to为动词不定式符号，后接动词原形。
too … to … 结构可与句型so … that …(that从句中的谓语用否定形式)互换。如：
he is too young to go to school. =he is so young that he can’t go to school.
2. how far is it from … to …?用来询问“距离有多远？
”。how long可对“时间、长度”进行提问。how often用来询问“做某事的频率”，回答时常用always, often, sometimes, never, once a week等。
3. make/let sb. do sth.意为“让某人做某事”。make和let是使役动词，后面接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：
if you see the cartoon film, it will make you laugh.
4. surprised和surprising都是由动词surprise转化而来的形容词，surprised表示 “(某人)感到惊讶的”，surprising表示“(事物本身)令人惊讶的”。如：
we were all surprised at the surprising news.
另外，to one’s surprise表示“令某人惊讶地”，in surprise表示“惊奇地；惊讶地”。
5. 当hundred前面有具体数字时，hundred要用单数形式；当hundred后接of 短语时要用复数形式。hundreds of 意为“数百的；成百上千的”, 表示不确切的数量。
类似用法的还有thousand, million, billion等。如：
hundreds of foreigners come to xi’an for a visit every month.
6. see sb. do sth.
的意思是“看见某人做某事”, 表示看见整个事件、行动的全过程，动作已经结束；也可以表示这一动作是经常性、习惯性的。see sb. doing sth.
意思是“看见某人正在做某事”，强调事件、行为正在进行。和see有一样用法的动词还有hear, feel, watch, notice等。如：
i saw li long playing in front of yongli store on my way home.
7. 在it is +adj.+(of/for sb.
) to do sth.句型中，it是形式主语，而真正的主语是后面的不定式短语to do sth.。句中用of 还是for 取决于前面的形容词，如果形容词表示的是人的品质、性格，如kind, nice, polite, careless, stupid等，常常用of。
如果形容词只是对后面不定式动作的一般性描述，如easy, important, impossible, safe, necessary等，则用for。如：
it’s impolite of you to laugh at others.
it is very important for us to h**e enough water every day.
8. forget to do sth. 意为 “忘记将要做某事”，表示动作还没有做；forget doing sth.
意为 “忘记做过某事”，表示动作已做但是忘记了。类似的用法还有：remember to do sth.
/remember doing sth.
9. too much意为“太多”，修饰不可数名词。另外它还可作名词性短语，用作定语；much too意为“实在(太)；过于……”much是副词，修饰原级形容词或副词；too many意为“太多”，修饰可数名词的复数。
10. shall we…. why not … what (how) about…?
都是表达建议时常用的句型。需注意shall we与why not后接动词原形，而what/how about后接v-ing形式。
11. join表示“参加；加入”，通常表示“加入某个组织”，如：join the party / the music club。
take part in也表示“参加”，通常表示“参加某项活动”，如：take part in a meeting。join in后面的宾语一般是表示竞赛、娱乐、游戏等活动的名词，如：
join in the game。
12. enjoy意为“喜欢；享受……的乐趣”，后面接名词或v-ing形式作宾语。类似用法的词还有practice, suggest等。
13. arrive意为“到达”，是不及物动词，其后接介词in/at，再接地点名词。get表示“到达某地”时后面要加介词to。
如果这两个单词后面接副词，则不用介词。reach表示“到达”时是及物动词，后面可以直接接地点名词作宾语。
14. what does sb. look like?
可用来询问“某人外貌长得怎么样？”。what is sb.
like?多用来询问“某人性格怎么样？”。
如：what does your brother look like?
he’s medium height.
what’s your cousin like?
she’s outgoing.
15. stop doing sth.意为“停止正在做的事情”，stop to do sth.
意为“停下来去做另一件事情”，stop sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”，如：
if it stops raining this afternoon, i will go to the park.
you look so tired. why not stop to h**e a rest?
my parents stop me from going out alone at night.
16. take表示“花费（时间）”，常用it takes sb. some time to do sth.
来表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”。在spend … in) doing sth. /on sth.
结构中，主语只能是人。pay常用于pay … for ..结构中，主语也只能是人。
cost常用于sth. costs sb. some money句型，主语只能是物。
17. “what does sb. think of …?用来询问“某人对……的看法？”，与how does sb. like …?同义。如：
what do you think of her picture?=how do you like her picture?
18. h**e to意为“必须；不得不”，后面接动词原形，有人称、时态和数的变化。如：
she has to wear a uniform at school.
do you h**e to get back home before 6:00?
19. 由what, how引导的感叹句用来表示赞美、惊异、喜悦等感情。what 修饰名词，how修饰形容词、副词。
其结构为：what+(a/an)+adj.+n.
+主语+谓语！ how +adj./adv.
+主语+谓语！如：
what exciting news! =how exciting the news is!
要点训练。. 单项选择。
) 1. lucy was excited say anything when she heard the good news.
a. so; that b. too; to c. so; tod. very; that
) 2. —do you h**e lessons?
twice a week.
a. how long b. how far c. how many d. how often
) 3. —what’s the matter, tony?
i h**e a stomachache. maybe i h**e eaten tonight.
a. too many b. many too c. too much d. much too
) 4. over three students in our school are from the countryside.
a. hundred b. hundreds c. hundred of d. hundreds of
) 5. —we don’t h**e much homework this weekend. shall we go out to relax ourselves?
ok. what about a film?
a. to seeb. seeing c. seed. sees
. 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
6. —how many desks (be) there in the classroom?
— twenty-four.
7. they are not talking. they stopped (do) their homework.
8. my grandparents enjoy (live) in the countryside. they say the air there is very fresh.
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