第5讲被动语态。
主动语态变为被动语态应注意的事项。
1）含有直接宾语和间接宾语的句子在变为被动语态时，一般把“指人”的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，而“指物”的直接宾语则保留不动。例如：
mr lin g**e me a present.→i was given a present by mr lin.
my father passed lin tao a book.→lin tao was passed a book by my father.如果将直接宾语（指物）变成被动语态的主语，则动词后要加介词，而且这个介词是由与之搭配的动词决定的。
例如：my friend bought me a radio.→a radio was bought for me by my friend.
she showed her brother a new map.→a new map was showed to her brother by her.常见的能跟双宾语的动词有：
give(给)，show(出示，给……看)，bring(给……带来)，lend(借给)，send(送给，寄)，pass(递给)，write(写给)，hand(传递)（这些动词与介词“to”搭配）。还有buy(买)，make(制作)，draw（画）等（这些动词与介词“for”搭配）。例如：
theteacherdrewusahorseinfiveminutes.→ahorsewasdrawnforusbytheteacherin five minutes.
i lent li mei a ruler yesterday.→a ruler was lent to li mei by me 一般现在时被动用法：(主语）+am/is /are+过去分词。
例句：the house is cleaned by my mother every morning．我妈妈每天早上都打扫房子。完成句子选择：
1. the great wall __all over the are known b knows c has known d is known
2. thousands of young trees __every year in plant b planted c is planted d are planted3. a camera is __for __photos.
a use; taking b used; taking c used; take d use; take4. new computers __all over the world.
a. is used b. are using c.
are used d. h**e used5. this english song __often __by the is, singing b.
is, sung c. will, sing d. was, sungb：
完成一般现在时被动语态的句子：
第1页。1. the grasscut) once a week.
2. many different languagesspeak) in india.
3. all my letterswrite) on rice ***** with a green pen.4. a lot of teagrow) in 仿照例子：
例子：they call the police is called (by them).练习题：
把下列句子变成被动语态：
1. people speak chinese in other countries.2.
my son asks my grandmother to tell stories.3. americansdon’t play football.
4. do you mend the broken window?b.
一般过去时被动用法：(主语）+ was／were+过去分词例句：i was beaten by someone last night．我昨晚被人打了。
练习题：
1. james planted a flower in his garden
2. the workers built a tall building in the village
3. uncle li planted an interesting picture last week4. charles dickens wrote many novels
c.含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词+ be +及物动词的过去分词例句：young trees must be watered often.
your mistakes should be corrected right door may be locked inside.
your homework can be handed in must test the new car．他们必须试试这辆新车。
第2页。-the new car must be tested．这辆新车必须得试一试。someone must h**e moved the table．准是有人动了集子。
--the table must h**e been moved．桌子准是被人动过。
the police will arrest the murderer soon．警察很快就会抓到杀人犯的。--the murderer will be arrested soon．杀人犯不会逍遥法外的。一．选择练习。
1．our house．is (paint)regularly every j une．2．my father’car was(repair)last week．3．english___speak)all over the world now．4．the flowers in our small garden___water)everyday．
5．this book___write)about ten years ago．6．the doors and windows___shut)last night andthen we went to bed．
7．last saturday i___meet)at the station． (invite)to a party last saturday evening．9．we couldn’t use the telephone the day before yesterday，but the telephone linerepair)yesterday after-noon．
10．our house is very old．it___build)a hundredyears ago．
11．a lot of money___win)every week on the foot-ball pools．
12．last week we___introduce)to afalnous actress.13．“you are the thief，said the policeman.“you___see)in the shop at midnight last saturday.
”14．i can，t un(1erstand this magazine．it___write)ingermant！
15．theh house is very dean．the furniture___dust)every dayand the floors___wash)every day，too.
第3页。16. english __in many countries, but chinese __their own spoken, spoken, spoken,is kind of apple __in jinzhou.
young trees must __after well.
my coat is made __cool（羊毛）and silk.
teacher was seen __to the office a moment oxford castle __by henry. it is in very good condition been can be __water.
are used for __doors.
book __by a famous writer many years ago.
a. writesb. is writtenc.
was writend. was china the money __to children for good luck by their parents or othersenior in spring festival
二．填空练习。
1．football（play）all over the world。2．many trees（plant）in north china.3．rice（grow）in south china.
4．a camera（use）for taking photos
5．ioften（ask） house（build）in 1978.
7. all the studentsask) to bring a kite with them last sunday
第4页。8. the car(clean)by dad yesterday.9. i（tell）to wait for him right his mother？
11. chocolate may(send) to him as apresent.
12. computers should（look）after well.13. can this kind of machine（mend）by uncle wang?
15. must the old peoplespeak) to politely?三．改写句子。
built a new school in the village last year.（改为被动语态）a new schoolin the village last year.
the old days people used teapots（茶壶）to make tea.（改为被动语态）in the old days teapotsto make makes me feel thirsty.（改为被动语态）
ifeel thirsty by you buy this bike from the shop ?（改为被动语态）
from the shop（by you）?
this year, millions of trees has been planted by the soldiers.（改为主动语态）
only this year, the soldiersmillions of trees.. should speak to old men politely.（改为被动语态）old men shouldpolitely.
7. my watch needs repairing.（同义句）
my watch needs
8. he’s often seen to dance in his room反意疑问句)
第5页。9. the photos were taken in japan.
(改为否定句。
（改为一般疑问句，并做肯定和否定回答对划线提问。
第6页。
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