时态。现在。一、一般现在时。
1、经常性、一贯性 2、客观事实、客观真理 3、解释说明 (说明书、**说明)
4、按照日程安排计划进行的事(按固定点)
eg: according to the time table, the train for guangzhou le**es at 7:00am everyday.
5、格言、谚语、警句。
6、表示事物的属性、特点。
7、在时间、条件、方式、比较、让步状语从句中,常用一般现在时代替将来时(即主将从现)
eg :i will call you, when i arrive in shanghai.
structure:绝大部分用动词原形,但要注意单三。
被动语态:am/is/are done
二、现在进行时。
1、说话时此时此刻正在做的事。
2、现阶段在做的事,但说话时不一定在进行。
eg:what are you doing? i'm h**ing a meeting in shanghai.
3、逐渐变化过程。eg: it is getting late. (时间天越来越晚了)
4、有些副词 always/forever/constantly(经常不断永恒) 等用于进行时态中含有感**彩。
eg: he often comes late.(他经常来晚无感**彩)
he is always coming late.(他总来晚有感**彩)
5、有些趋向性动词 come go le**e return die 等进行时态中表示将来。
eg: the bus is coming. 车马上就来了。
structure: be+doing
被动:be being done
eg:tom is being beaten by his father.
三、现在完成时。
1、表示动作发生在过去并已经完成,但强调对现在的影响或结果。
、动作由过去某时开始,一直持续到现在,此动作可能刚刚终止,也可能还要进行下去。
structure h**e/has done
被动 h**e/has been done
note:1、h**e/has been in sp 某人来某地(此人在这) 一旦不在用过去时态。
2、h**e been to sp 某人去过某地(此人已回来)
3、h**e/has gone to sp 某人去了某地(未回)
四、现在完成进行时。
1、动作由过去某时开始,一直持续到现在,比现在完成时更强调持续性,常与一段时间联用。
structure h**e/has been being done sth
被动:h**e /has been being done
note:1、以上四种时态都属于现在范围,都不能与过去时间状语连用。
2、有时间段并不意味着必须用现在完成时,只要是延续性动词就可以与一段时间连用,不管这个延续性动词本身是什么时态。
eg :i staged(stay) in shanghai for 3 months last year.
将来。一、 一般将来时:表示将要发出的动作或状态。
structure:1、be going to 有目的有计划打算。
被动:be going to be done 根据迹象表明将要发生(透过现象预示将要发生)
2、will/shall do
被动:will/shall be done
4、be about to do “即将”“马上”,被动:be about to be done =be on the point of
doing(即将做某事)是所有将来结构中最近的事态。不能与将来时间状语连用(不用连时间状语)
eg: hurry up! the film is about to begin
语境(用be about to do需有语境)
5、有些趋向性动词(位移动词)go come le**e return 或瞬间动词die begin start等,用于进行结构中表示将来。eg: i'm going therei'm going to go there.
二、将来进行时:表示将来某个时间点或某个时间段将在做的事。
structure:will/shall be doing被动:will/shall be being done
eg: i'll be h**ing a meeting at 8:00 am.
三、 将来完成时,表示将来完成的动作。
structure:will/shall h**e done被动:will shall h**e been done
eg:i'll h**e finished my home cook tomorrow.
四、 将来完成时,表示动作由现在开始或在此之前已经开始,将一直持续到将来某时。强调持续性,常和一段时间连will/shall h**e been doing
被动:will/shall h**e been being doing
过去。一、一般过去式表示过去发生的动作或状态。
过去经常性的动作, eg:he often come to my home .
structure:规则动词+ed 以e结尾加d
被动:was/were done
二、过去进行时过去某个时间点或某个时间段在做某事。
对过去情景的描绘:eg :i went to the beach.
the wind was blowing ,the sun was shining.
过去逐渐变化过程。eg: it was getting dark.
过去未完成的动作或不知是否已完成。
eg: i heard he was writing a novel. but now, i don't know what her he has finished it.
i want to continue it. 有些副词 always , forever, constantly, continuously将来用于过去进行时态中含有感**彩 structure: was/were doing 被动:
was/were being done.
三、(1)表示在过去某时之前或过去的动作之前就已经完成的动作,表示过去的过去。
2)过去或未曾实现的未完成的动作或打算。structure:had done 被动:had been done
eg:he said he had studied english.
eg:i had happened to see you, but i had an unexpected.
未曾实现的愿望:①had hoped/wanted/meant to do
hoped/wanted/meant to home done
would like to h**e done
was/were to h**e done
was/were going to (do)
eg:a: why didn't you do to the party last night?
b:i was going to, but i had a visitor home.
过去完成进行时:表示动作由过去的过去开始一直持续到过去某时,强调持续性,常和一般时间连用。
structure: had been going被动:had been being done
过去将来时:指站在过去的角度将要发生的动作和状态。
structure: 1、was/were going to do. 被动:was/were going to be done.
2、would/should dopast: would/should be done.
3、was/were to do被动:was/were to be done
4、was/were about to do. 被动:was/were about to be done
5、被动:was/were/coming/going/he**ing/returning/dying.
过去将来进行时:指站在过去的角度,将来某个时间点或某个时间段将在做的事情。
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