高中英语语法——冠词。
一。冠词的用法概述：(冠词结合名词，特指与泛指，语境和篇章)
the best way to learn___language is to live among its speakers.
___teacher should be patient with his or her students.
once upon a time, there was a little girlgirl lived through a thick and thin life with her mother. (直接前指)
___role of women in today’s society has been achieved through centuries of major cultural changes. （后指）
___tiger is becoming almost extinct.
___whale is the largest mammal on earth.
___owners of the three dangerous dogs had to pay a fine. （后指）
___people who spoiled the public facility should be ashamed of themselves. （后指）
___books become more and more expensive.
___cigarettes are bad for your health.
i went to new york last weektraffic is awful. （间接前指）
when it comes to choosing a job, i think the conditions and the prospects are more important thansalary. （间接前指）
___theory must go hand in hand with___practice.
___happiness is often the product ofhonesty and hard work.
二。不定冠词的基本用法和特殊用法：
基本用法：1.用于单数可数名词前，泛指一类人或事物。“一个，一种，一类”
___plane is a machine that can fly
an hour agohonest man accepted an unusual order, going to finish an honorable task.
2.表示“某一个”的意思。
___gentleman wants to see you, he claimed he had something important to inform you.
___lucy is calling up to you, asking when the exact time of the conference tonight is.
3.用于首次提到的人或物。
long long ago, there was___old king who had a very beautiful daughter.
there is___man swimming in the river.
4.表示“同一”的意思。
birds of___feather flock together物以类聚。
they are nearly of __age. 他们年龄相同。 the two shirts are much of __size. 两件衬衫尺码相同。
此用法用于“be of +a/an +n.”表示物体大小、高低、长短、年龄、形状、特征)
5.用于单位、**、速度、比率，意为“每一”。
we are allowed to drive at fifty miles___hour.
the medicine is to be taken three times___day.
特殊用法：比较级+cn.单， 表示“更…的”。
the shirt is too expensive for me. i’d like to look atcheaper one.
由most构成的形容词最高级，表示“很，非常”=very.
i don't know who invented telephone, but it's really___most wonderful invention.
did you enjoy yourself yesterday?
yes，as you know，the party went on in __most pleasant atmosphere.
—是的，正如你所知，晚会是在非常愉快的气氛中进行的。
序数词表示“另一个；又一个”。
in order to find a better job，he decided to studysecond foreign language.
weihai is___most beautiful costal city and i think i’ll go there forthird time.
4.物质名词(coffee, food, tea, rain, snow, wind等)或抽象名词(education, history, knowledge, pleasure, success, failure, experience, honor等)前一般不用不定冠词，但若表示“一种，一阵，一份”等含义时， 可用不定冠词。
h**e you got time for___coffee你有空喝杯咖啡吗？
there was___he**y rain yesterday. 昨天下了一场大雨。
5.用于惯用语中：
a.用在某些由动词转化来的名词前：
h**e a look看一看h**e a walk散步h**e /take break休息一下。
h**e a try试一试h**e/take a bath洗澡h**e a swim游泳。
h**e a cold感冒give a laugh大笑give a smile微笑。
give a shout大喊make a choice做出选择make a decision作出决定。
make a plan制定计划let out a cry发出喊叫let out a sigh叹口气。
b.其他：after a while 过了一会儿all of a sudden 突然at a loss不知所措。
as a rule 通常as a result 结果，因此at a distance隔开一段距离。
as a matter of fact 事实上as a whole 大体上in a hurry 急忙
in a way 在某种程度上in a word 总而言之for a while一会儿。
put an end to...结束come to an end 结束come to a conclusion 得出结论
h**e a word with 和……谈一谈 make a living 谋生make a fool of 愚弄。
三。定冠词的基本用法和特殊用法：
基本用法：1.语境特指：
（直接前指——第一次提到用“a或an”，以后再次提到用“the”；间接前指——上文会提到一个与下文密切相关的话题；后指——被后置定语所修饰的名词用定冠词the）
a man came up to a policeman and asked a question.__policeman didn’t understand___question, so he asked __man to repeat it.
john bought a bicycle, but when he rode it one of___wheels came off.
he owned a huge houseland and___building were worth millions.
加单数可数名词可以表示一类人或事物，如：某种动物，发明物。
___horse is a useful animal.=a horse is a useful animal.=horses are useful animals.
马是一种有用的动物。
___telephone is a most useful invention in human history.
3.用在序数词、形容词最高级前。
he was___first to speak against sl**ery.
___best time to teach a child anything about music is when he shows an interest.
4.用在世界上独一无二的东西前。
___sun is shinning brightlymoon tr**els round___earth.
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