专四语法部分。
一、总体概况：
语法考点：三大从句——名词、定从、状从。
非谓语动词。
时态、语态、语气、情态动词。
其他。代词、不定代词。
二、从句讲解。
三大从句（一）
三大从句。五种基本句式。
主语+谓语vt+宾语。
主语+谓语vt+宾语+宾语。
主语+谓语vt+宾语+补语。
主语+谓语vi+状语。
主语+系动词+表语。
状语，主语 （定语） 谓语宾语状语。
定从系动词表语 （状从）
同位语非谓语）
非谓语介词短语）
介词短语副词）
长难句解题技巧：抓住干，定从句。
逗号原则：在英语句子中，逗号是不能连接两个独立完整的句子的。
名词性从句。
三大从句（二）
两步解题法。
1. 抓连词。
2. 抓连词在名词性从句中的成分。
连词。that
状从中的连接词——常考固搭。
so…thatin order that
such…thatwith the result that
so that
that引导名词性从句——that+完整句子。
1） 主语从句。
it is/was +adj.
ed某些名词。
it is true that he passed the exam.
it is said that he passed the exam.
it is a pity that he didn’t pass the exam.
强调句式。it is/was+被强调部分+that+不完整句子。
主、宾、表、状。
i met him in the street.
it was him that i met in the street.
it was in the street that i met him.
2)宾语从句。
主+谓语vt+（that）+完整句子。
i know (that) he passed the exam.
3）表语从句。
主+系动词+that+完整句子。
my suggestion is that he go with us tomorrow.
4)同位语从句。
抽象名词+that+完整句子。
my suggestion that he go with us tomorrow.
there is/are +抽象名词+that+完整句子。
answer,belief,concept,conclusion,decision,discovery,doubt,evidence,sign,fact,hope,idea,information,knowledge,suggestion,thought,probability…
on the condition that…
despite the fact that…
on the understanding that…
that 引导限定性定从。
all some any one(s) every each…
the first the last
the only the very
n+that+不完整句子。
作从句中的主、宾、表语。
the book that was written by him is pop.
that引导同位语从句。
抽象名词+that+完整句子。
that 引导限定性定从。
n+that+不完整句子。
作从句中的主、宾、表语。
the fact that he passed the exam was true.
the fact that he found was true.
三大从句（三）
what=all that; the thing that; the person that
what 只引导主从、宾从、表从，不能引导定从和同位从。
what+不完整句子。
what he said made me happy.
___it turned out,it was italian movie.
a what
___it turned out was italian movie.
a what
i know what he said.
i listen to what he said.
this is what he said.
词___不完整句子。
n a whatx
vt/介词/系动词 a what 可以考虑。
词，__不完整句子。
a what b which c that
what 与 how 的区别。
i don’t know what to do.
i don’t know how to do it.
i’m thinking of __to do about it.
b. how
介词短语在句子的位置。
1）作状语句子+介短/介短+句子。
2）作定语 n+介短。
3）作表语系+介短。
wh—ever与no matter wh— 区别。
让步、名从让步。
i don’t believe whatever he said.
whatever happens,don’t panic.
however
howeverhowever
公式 however + adj/adv + 主语+ 谓语。
it caused them to think about __they might control the experiences of children to duce responsible and productive adults.
a. what b. how c. whateverd. however
if 与 whether 的区别。
ifwhether
whether…or not/…or…
___about the university the mind, love, dreams, or ordering a drink.
a) what b) whether c) while d) if
never ask a child __he likes or dislikes.
a) whatb) whether c) that d) which
we know, howeverno two places are exactly the same.
a) although b) whether c) since d) that
三大从句（四）
定语从句。两步解题法。
1. 抓先行项（指人、物、整句话内容）
2. 抓关系词在定语从句中的成分。
关系词。this is the house___
i once lived.
i once visited.
where/in which
that/which/x
this is the very housei once visited.
i’ll never forget the day___
i met him.
i spent with him.
when/on which
that/which/x
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