there be 句型。
表示“某处有（存在）某人或者某物”。
结构： there be + 名词 + 地点状语。
be 要根据后面名词的人称、数量、还有时态的变化，而变成 is, are, was, were.
句尾通常有表示地点的状语。
1. there be 句型的肯定结构。(一般现在时)
there is/ are +主语 + 地点状语（通常为介词短语）。
ex: there is a map on the wall.
墙上有一幅地图。
there are a lot of books in the library.
图书馆里有许多书。
如果主语位置有2个或2个以上名词，则be动词的单复数形式由靠近be的名词决定。
ex: there is a teacher and two students in the class.
there are two students and a teacher in the class.
2. 否定句式。
there is not a/an + 名词 + 介词短语。
there is no + 名词 + 介词短语。
there are no/ (not any) +名词（复数） +介词短语。
ex: there is an orange in her bag.
-- there is not an orange in her bag.
-- there is no orange in her bag.
there are some oranges in her bag.
-- there are not any oranges in her bag.
-- there are no oranges in her bag.
there is some juice in the bottle.
-- there is not any juice in the bottle.
-- there is no juice in the bottle.
3. 一般疑问句。
be there a / any + 主语 + 介词短语？
ex: there is a map on the wall.
is there a map on the wall?
yes, there is. /no, there is not.( no, there isn’t.)
there is some money in her handbag.
-- is there any money in her handbag?
yes, there is. /no, there is not.( no, there isn’t.)
疑问句和否定句中， some 要变成 any, something 要变成 anything。
there is something new in today’s news*****.
-- is there anything new in today’s news*****?
yes, there is. /no, there is not.( no, there isn’t.)
there are some students in the class.
are there any students in the class?
yes, there are. /no, there are not.( no, there aren’t.)
4. there be 句型的特殊疑问句。
1） 对主语提问： 主语是人： who is + 介词短语？
主语是物： what is + 介词短语？
无论原句主语是单数还是复数，对其提问时，一般都用be 的单数形式。
回答时却要根据实际情况来决定。
ex: there is a bird in the tree.
what’s in the tree?
树上有什么？
there are some bikes over there. 那里有一些自行车。
what is over there? 那里有什么？
there is a little girl in the room. 房间里有一个小女孩。
who is in the room? 谁在房间里？
2） 对地点提问。
where is / are + the + 主语？
ex: there is a computer in my office.
---where is the computer? 那台电脑在**？
it is in my office. 它在我的办公室里。
there are four children in the classroom.
-- where are the four children? 那四个孩子在**？
they are in the classroom. 他们在教室里。
3） 对数量提问。
主语为可数名词时， 无论单数复数，how many + 可数名词【复】+ are there + 介词短语？
如果主语为不可数名词，how much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？
ex: there are twelve months in a year.
how many months are there in a year?
回答： there are twelve.
there is only one book in my bag.
how many books are there in your bag?
回答： there is only one.
there is some money in my purse. 我的钱包里有一些钱。
-- how much money is there in your purse? 你的钱包里有多少钱？
some. 有一些。
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