高三特长生2023年冲刺语法

发布 2020-01-28 08:59:28 阅读 3753

第一章:句子的基本成份和结构。

句子从结构上可以分为三种。

句子成分共八种。

定语:状语:

同位语:简单句从结构上可以分为五种:补充:注:

谓语动词的时态不会引起句子结构的变化。

情态动词和助动词不会引起句子结构的变化。

否定不会引起句子结构的变化。

动词的谓语形式:动词原形、三单、一般过去式。

以及助动词的谓语形式(am,is, are,was, were,h**e, has,had)+动词的非谓语形式。

并列句: 简单句 + 并列连词 + 简单句 (常见的并列连词: and, but, or, so )

复合句 = 主句 + 从属连词 + 从句

从属连词引起所连接的从句不同可以分为三种。

复合句一: 主句+ 关系词 + 定语从句。

复合句二: 主句+ 连接词 + 名词性从句。

复合句三: 主句 + 引导词 + 状语从句。

主谓一致常考题型。

1. each, either, neither, another, the other

2. many a+单数名词作主语,谓语要用单数形式。

3. more than one+单数名词作主语,

4. a/an+单数名词+or two

5. 表示时间,**,重量,数目,长度,数**算等的词或短语

6. every a and every b = each a and each b

7. one and a half+复数名词。

8. 动词不定式,动名词、不定代词、句子(主语从句)作主语时,

9. 以—s 结尾的名词(news, means,maths, physics)

10.主语是由“a series of, a kind of,”构成时,the number of +复数名词

11.由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时。

variety of, a number of +名词复数,quantities of + 可数\不可数

形容词表示一类人时。

指的是同一个人或物。

a/the+a+and+a/the+b,指两个人或物。

15.集体名词(people,police)作主语。

16.集体名词(family,class,group,team)作主语,①强调个体时,

强调整体时。

17.当主语部分含with,together with,along with,as well as,besides,except,but,like,as时,

eg. 18. or, either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…, not…but…,

eg. 19.以here,there开关的句子,若主语在两个或两个以上。

20.定语从句中谓语动词的正确使用:

sb. +one of the sth that/who + 谓语用___数形式。

eg.sb + the only one of the sth that/ who + 谓语动词用___数形式。

eg.21.分数或者百分数+ 名词

①名词为可数复数形式。

不可数名词。

population

22.注意:so/neither+助动词+名词/代词结构中须用倒装语序。

附:一、倍数表达的三种方式:

倍数 + as+ adj.\ adv. 的原形 + as

eg.倍数+ adj.\adv. 比较级 + than

eg.二、分数的表达: 基数词 + 序数词。

①分子为一时。

分子大于一时。

三、时间的表达: 分钟+ to + 小时。

分钟 + past + 小时。

高考真题练习。

1985-2005 年高考题中的主谓一致。

1. every possible means __to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.

a. is used b. are used c. has been used d. h**e been used (2000上海春)

2. as a result of destroying the forest, a large __of desert __covered the land. (2001上海)

a. number, has b. quantity, has c. number, h**e d. quantity, h**e

3. he is the only one of the students whoa winner of scholarship for three years.

a. is b. are c. h**e been d. has been (2002上海春)

4. -how are the team playing?

-- they’re playing well, but one of them hurt. (02北京春季)

a. got b. gets c. ared. were

5. when and where to go for the on-salary holidayyet. (2003上海春)

a.are not decided b.h**e not been decided c.is not being decided d.has not been decided

6. the teacher, with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class, _visiting a museum when the earthquake struck.

a was b were c had been d would be

7. she has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book __50 million. (04福建)

a.h**e reached b.has reached c.are reaching d.had reached

8. all the employees except the manager __to work online at home. (04广东)

a. encourages b. encourage c. is encouraged d. are encouraged

9. no one in the department but tom and i __that the director is going to resign.

a. knows b. know c. h**e known d. am to know (04上海春季)

10. the country life he was used to __greatly since 1992. (05山东卷)

a. changeb. has changed c. changing d. h**e changed

11. professor smith, along with his assistants,__on the project day and night to meet the deadline. (05上。

a. work b. working c. is working d. are working

12. nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, _in the clothing industry.

a.is working b.works c.work d.worked

13. nobody but jane __the secret. a. know b. knows c. h**e known d. is known

14. all but one __here just now. a. is b. was c. has been d. were

15. not only i but also jane and mary __tired of h**ing one examination after another. (89)

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