定语从句及相关概念。
1.定语 ：定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作___定语。
2.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰词的___
定语从句是指在主句子中充当___的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。
如：1) the man who lives next to us is a policeman.
2) you must do everything that i do.
上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的___
3.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词。
关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系___有that, which, who, whom, whose, 等；
关系副词有 where, when, why等。
关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句 2、代替先行词 3、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
4.定语从句通常翻译为“..的”
练习： i helped an old man who lost his way.
主句是。从句是。
先行词是。关系词。
关系词（引导词）在从句中代替___充当从句的。
you couldn’t understand people who talked fast.
主句是。从句是。
先行词是。关系词。
关系词（引导词）在从句中代替___充当从句的。
they said something that you didn’t like.主句是。
从句是。先行词是。
关系词。关系词（引导词）在从句中代替___充当从句的。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句。
指___在从句中做主语或宾语做宾语时可省略。
the boys who are playing football are from class one.
this is the girl (who) i love
2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) mr. liu is the person (whom/who) you talked about.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(3) the man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(1) football is a game which is liked by most boys. (which 在从句中做___
(2) this is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. (which 在从句中做___
4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可___
(5) the people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在从句中做___
(6) where is the man that/whom i saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)
5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语（“.的”）
(1) he has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) i lived in a house whose door is red.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替。
小结：先行词指人时， 关系代词做从句主语时用。
关系代词做从句宾语时用可省略。
关系代词做从句定语时用。
如： the boy who/that is riding a bike is my brother.
she is the girl (that/who/whom) i like.
he has a friend whose father is a doctor.
先行词指物时， 关系代词做从句主语时用。
关系代词做从句宾语时用可省略。
关系代词做从句定语时用。
china is a country which/ that has a long history.
the game (that/which) he is playing is his f**ourite.
i lived in a house whose door is red.
三、关系副词引导定语从句。
关系副词关系副词：在句中作状语
1. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示___的定语从句。
(1) shanghai is the city where i was born.
(2) the house where i lived ten y ears ago has been pulled down.
2. when引导定语从句表示时间。在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用
(1) i still remember the day when i first came to the school.
(2) the time when we got together finally came.
3. why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语
(1) please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
(2) i don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
二、用关系代词填空：that 、which 、who、 whom 、whose
1. this is the manwants to see you.
2. the studentanswered the question is zhang hua.
3. the manyou went to see has come.
4. the mani met yesterday lent me some money.
5. the womanyou saw is our geography teacher.
is the penyou lost the day before yesterday.
7. this is shirti bought yesterday.
8. the storybooki h**e just read cannot be easily forgotten.
9. a clock is a machineells people the time.
10. the bookis on the table is mine.
11. she showed me the girlmother was a well-known singer.
12. the boy___father is a teacher is good at english.
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