六年级复习要点。
一、 时态。
1 一般现在时。
1)定义:表示某人经常或习惯于做某事。
2)动词的用法:
1、人称配搭。
i you we they 第一二和复数人称,动词用原形。
he she it 第三人称单数,动词用”s”形式。
2、动词第三人称单数的变化形式。
1) 一般情况直接加“s”
如:read—reads play—plays eat—eats
2) 以o, sh , ch结尾,加“es”
如:do—does go—goes fish—fishes wash—washes
watch—watches
3) 辅音加y结尾,把y改为i,再加 “es”
如:fly—flies carry---carries study---studies cry-- cries
4) 特殊情况。
如:h**e—has
2 现在进行时。
1) 定义:表示某人正在做某事(事情或动作正在进行)
2) 动词结构: be doing sth. (be: is, am, are)
3) 时间标志: now , listen , look
如:(1) she is cooking now.
2) look, my sister is dancing.
3) listen, the boy is singing.
4)动词的现在分词 (即动词加ing形式)
a) 一般情况直接加ing.
如:play—playing eat—eating go—going
listen—listening open—opening
b) 以不发音e结尾,去掉e, 再加ing.
如:come—coming h**e—h**ing give—giving
live—living drive—driving ride—riding
write—writing dance---dancing use---using
practice---practicing exercise---exercising …
c) 重读闭音节,末尾的辅音字母要双写,再加ing.
如:sit—sitting get—getting put—putting run—running
swim—swimming shop—shopping jog---jogging
dig—digging begin---beginning
3 一般过去时。
定义:表示某人过去做了某事。
时间标志:yesterday yesterday morning
an hour /a month ago 一小时/一个月之前)
last week/month/year the day before yesterday
1、 be(is, am, are)动词的过去式:
is , am --was are---were
人称的运用。
i was he was she was it was 我和他她它用 was
you were we were they were你你们我们他们都是were
如:i was in canada last week.
we were in china yesterday.
一般疑问句直接将was, were提前。
如: were you in xinhui this morning?
yes, i was. no, i was not.
2、 动词的过去式。
有以下的几种情况:
1) 一般情况直接加ed
help---helped watch---watched cook---cooked
2) 以e结尾,直接加d 。
use---used practice---practiced exercise---exercised
dance---danced
3) 以辅音加y结尾,把y改成i再加ed 。
study---studied carry---carried cry---cried
4) 不规则的动词过去式:
go—went eat---ate write—wrote read—read
make—made ride—rode sing—sang drink—drank
see—saw blow—blew fall—fell sit—sat break—broke
sweep—swept take—took come—came say—said do—did
buy—bought
特殊疑问句和一般疑问句:
1)what did you do yesterday? i went to school yesterday.
(2)did you go to the beach after that? yes, i did. /no, i didn’t.
4、一般将来时。
定义:表示将要发生的动作或状态。
时间标志:(将来的时间词)tomorrow, tomorrow morning, tonight, the day after tomorrow, next week/month/year/monday…
动词结构: be going to +动词原形或will/shall+动词原形。
特殊疑问句和一般疑问句:
1) what are you going to do today? i’m going to write letters.
2) are you going to get a haircut? yes, i am. /no, i’m not.
3) what will you do tomorrow? i will shop for clothes.
4) shall we shop for coat later? ok, let’s go.
5、can的用法。
1)意思:能、能够。
2)否定式:can’t (缩写) can not(分写)
3) 句子有can,动词要用原形。
we can ride a bike.
4)变为一般疑问句时要将can提前。
can you ride a bike? yes, i can. no, i can’t.
6、do 的用法。
1) 一般用于一般疑问句和特殊疑问句中,用来帮助动词,又叫助动词。
2) 变化形式:do 否定式don’t, do 第三人称单数 does
does 否定式 doesn’t, do 的过去式did
3) 人称搭配:i you we they 用助动词do
he she it用助动词 does
4) 一般疑问句中,直接将do/does/did 放在句首,动词用原形。
如:do you h**e rice for lunch? yes, i do. /no, i don’t.
does your father work in a hospital? yes, he does. /no, he doesn’t.
did he read a book yesterday? yes, he did. /no, he didn’t.
5) 特殊疑问句中,do根据人称来变化,动词用原形。但是回答时句子的动词要根据人称而转换。
如:where do you work? i work in xinhui.
where does she work ? she works in an office.
二、词项。1 名词。
1) 分类:可分为可数名词和不可数名词。
2) 可数名词是有复数形式的(加s/es),而不可数名词没有复数形式。
3) 可数名词的复数形式:
1) 一般情况直接加s
book—books pen—pens bag—bags dog—dogs
2) 以s, x, ch, sh结尾,加es
box—boxes bus—buses watch—watches
sandwich—sandwiches
3) 以fe结尾,把fe改为v,再加es。
如:(wife—wives妻子) knife—knives
4) 辅音加y结尾,把y改为i,再加es
family—families factory—factories baby—babies
body---bodies diary---diaries dictionary--dictionaries
(比较toy—toys boy—boys )
(5) 特殊有: sheep—sheep (不变)
(6)不规则变化有:man—men woman—women child—children foot—feet tooth—teeth mouse--mice
注意:tomato—tomatoes potato—potatoes ( 这两个单词以o结尾加es,其它的加s 如:kilo—kilos(公斤) zoo—zoos photo—photos radio—radios )
3、 代词。
人称代词的主格和宾格。
形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
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