人教版初中英语七年级下册Unit12语法指导与练习

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unit 12 what did you do last weekend?

unit 12语法指导与练习。

语法指导。教材原句】

1. -what did you do last weekend?

-i did my homework./we went boating.

2. -where did she go last weekend?

-she went to a farm.

3.--who did she go with?

-she went with her classmates.

4.--who visited her grandma?

-betty did.

以上4句均为和引导的特殊疑问句，且句子的时态为时态。（what；where；who；一般过去）

语法透析】一、一般过去时的各种句型。

一般过去时，分两种情况：一是be动词的一般过去时；二是行为动词的一般过去时。一般过去时：

有be（was/were）无行为动词，有行为动词无be（was/were）。it was a beautiful day.是个美好的日子。

grandma cooked fish.奶奶煎鱼了。

1.一变：肯定句变为否定句。

技巧1】当句中含有情态动词could，would，should等时，可直接在他们后面加not构成否定句。i could get you a concert ticket.我能给你一张**会的票。

→i could not/couldn't get you a concert ticket.我不能给你一张**会的票。

技巧2】当句中含有连系动词was/were时，可直接在它们后面加not构成否定句。i was on the internet when you called me.你给我打**时我正在上网→i was not/wasn't on the internet when you called me.

你给我打**时我们在上网。

技巧3】当句中谓语是除情态动词、助动词、连系动词（was/were）以外的动词时，在该动词之前加did not(didn't)，动词还原为原形，构成否定句。the famous singer sang some chinese songs.这位著名的歌手唱了几首中文歌曲。

→the famous singer didn't sing any chinese songs.这位具名的歌手没有唱中文歌曲。

2.二变：陈述句变为一般疑问句。

技巧1】移动词语的位置。将was,were,could,would,should等移到句首。he could pack his things himself.

他能自己把东西打包。→could he pack his things himself?

技巧2】添加助动词did。谓语是除情态动词、助动词、连系动词（was/were）以外的动词时，在主语之前加did，动词还原。mr.

li looked very old.李先生看起来很老。→did look very old?

李先生看起来很老吗？

3.三变：陈述句变为特殊疑问句。

技巧1】确定疑问词：人who/whom，物what，地点where，时间when/what time，原因why，频率how often，长度how long，距离how far等。they g**e the concert last night.

他们昨晚举办了**会。→when did they give the concert?他们何时举办了**会？

技巧2】辨认结构形式：疑问词+情态动词/助动词/was/were+主语+其他？the accident happened near the station.

那起事故是在车站附近发生的。→where did the accident happen?那是事故是在**发生的？

二、一般过去时的判断。

1.当句中用到表示过去的时间状语，用过去时。这样的状语有：

day，如：yesterday morning，at five o'clock yesterday.

如：last week,last monthe,last year,last sunday afternoon.

用"一段时间+ago"表示"..多久）以前"，如：ten years ago,5 minutes ago,three weeks ago.

d.表示过去的时间短语，如：in the 90s,on may 1st1892,in the old days(过去的日子里)，just now,the other day(前几天)，once upon a time(很久以前)，before liberation(解放前)，when i was8 years old...

当我八岁时），at+一个时间点。

2.根据句意确知某一动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，如：edison invented many useful things.爱迪生范明了许多有用的东西。

3.有时间、让步或结果状语从句的，一般主句用一般过去时，从句也用过去时，如：the man drank some water after he got up in the morning.

4.一般过去时表示过去经常或反**生的动作，常和often，always，once a week等表示频度的时间状语连用，如： always carried an umbrella.

彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。

试题链接】tony football every weekend when he was young..

playing played

时间状语every weekend when he was young.指的是过去，故句子用一般过去时态。答案：b）

5.有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上时指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用一般过去时。如：

i didn't know you were in paris.我不知道你在巴黎（因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话者之前，所以只能用过去时态表示。

实际上，这句话暗指：but now i know you are here.）

试题链接】--what the noise,bill?

-sorry,i broke my glass..

been be

由下文中的broke可知，句子是一般过去时，由句意"比尔，是什么噪音？对不起，我打坏了玻璃。")

exercises:

一、选择填空。

peter do last weekend?.

）2you tv last night?

watch ;watch ;watched ;watch

） did youthere?

s d in

）4.--who went to the beach?

-lisa ） usually up at 5:30 in the morning,but this morning he up at 6:00.

gets ;got ;got ;got

二、根据句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。

and lilycome)to china last month.

not go)to bed until 12 o'clock last he (get)up late this morning.

be)no one here a moment ago.

listened buthear)nothing.

students in our schoolspend) lots of timego) over their lessons last week because of the test.

mothernot do)housework yesterday because of illness.

7. your father (go)to work every day last year?

8.--what mary (do)on sunday morning?

-shewatch)tv andread)an interesting book.

9be）your mother a shop assistant last year?

-no,shenot be).

exciting party last weekend.

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