unit 8 how was your school trip?
section a
词汇：gift, hang, win, prize, visitor, end, monitor, off, rain
短语：hang out, sleep late, day off, h**e a great time, at the end of
句型：1. how was your school trip?
2. —did you go to the zoo? —no, i didn’t.
i went to the aquarium.
3. —were there any sharks? —no, there weren’t any sharks, but there were some really smart seals.
语法：一般过去时的用法(一)。
教师寄语：a good book is the best of friends, the same today and forever.一本好书，相伴一生。
一 、重点词汇拓展。
1. 逗留；徘徊过去式2. 赢；获胜过去式。
3. 访问者；参观者动词4. 结束；结尾动词。
5. 驾驶；驱车旅行过去式6. 雨；雨水过去式。
二 、重点词组识记。
1. 闲荡；闲逛2. 睡过头；起的晚。
3. (因病或节假日)休息；不工作；不上学。
4. 去水族馆5. 玩得高兴。
6. at the end of7. take photos
8. win a prize9. sound interesting
10. watch a dolphin show
知识要点。1. win v. 赢；获胜。一般用做及物动词，过去式和过去分词都是won；常跟的宾语有game, war, prize, fame, battle等。
who will win the first prize? 谁将获得一等奖？
he won the nobel prize for physics in 1921. 他在一九二一年获得了诺贝尔物理学奖金。
区别】win与beat
win和beat都可用作及物动词，作"赢"、"战胜"讲时，其区别主要在于宾语的不同：充当win的宾语的是比赛、战争、奖品、名次等名词，即race，match，game， competition，war，prize之类的词；充当beat的宾语的则是比赛、竞争的对手，即指人或球队的名词或代词。
he won first prize in the competition． 他在比赛中获得第一。
we beat the strongest team in the football match this time． 在这次足球赛中我们战胜了最强的那个队。
典型例题：class 9 __class 4 in the football match and __first place.
答案：beat; won
解析：beat战胜对手；win赢得名次。在足球比赛中九班战胜了四班，获得了第一名。
2. else adj./adv. 别的；其他的；另外。
else当形容词用时，常放在疑问词或不定代词之后；当副词用时，通常放在疑问副词之后。
who else is going to the movies? 还有谁要去看电影？
—what else do you want to say? 你还有别的话要说吗？ —nothing else. 没别的话可说了。
典型例题：where __did you look for your lost pen? a. other place b. else c. another
解析：else放在疑问副词之后。你还到别的什么地方找过你丢失的钢笔吗？
3. at the end of… 在……的结尾；在……的尽头。其后既可以跟地点名词，也可以跟地点名词。
we will finish the work at the end of this month. 我们将在本月底完成这项工作。
there is a post office at the end of this road. 在这条路的尽头有一家邮局。
【区别】at the end of…, by the end of…和in the end
①at the end of… 在……的结尾；在……的尽头。其后既可以跟地点名词，也可以跟地点名词。
②by the end of…截止到……的最后。其后只能跟表示时间的名词或短语，其时态多为过去完成时或一般将来时。
we had learned about 1,000 english words by the end of last term.
③in the end 最终；最后。表示事物发展的自然顺序的“终结”，不与of 连用。
i hope that everything will turn out all right in the end.
典型例题：__the week, we went camping in the mountain with our friends.
a. at the end b. in the end c. at the end of d. by the end of
解析：上周末，我们和朋友们去山里野营。
4. did you go to the zoo? 你去过动物园吗？
【拓展】一般过去时。
1 一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态其谓语部分由动词过去式构成。
we had a meeting yesterday. 我们昨天开了一次会。
i was a student ten years ago. 十年前我是一名学生。
②一般过去时的构成。
一般过去时通常与下列时间副词连用：yesterday, ago, last night, last week, last year, just now, a moment ago等。
典型例题： _you __h**e) ice cream on the beach a moment ago?
解析：从a moment ago判断出本题的时态为一般过去时。
随堂达标 一、单项选择
1. he __to school yesterday because he was doesn’t come c. didn’t came
2. —jack __the first prize in the piano competition. —how great he was!
b. made c. won
3. how __your last weekend?
4. she __a souvenir last week? c. bought
5your mother go to work? —no, she didn’t. she went
二、用单词的适当形式填空
1. did you __h**e) a good holiday? 2. what __you __do) yesterday?
3do) you h**e breakfast this morning? —yes, i __do).
4. i __get) up late this morning, so i __h**e) to run to school.
5 they __be) tired but happy after they climbed the hill.
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