新目标初三（九年级）第1单元学案。
teaching objectives：
1. 了解如何学习英语。
2. 现在完成时的构成、用法。
3. 重点词组与句型。
key and difficult points：
[重点词组](key phrases)
1. not at all 一点也不 2. end up (doing) sth. 结束做某事。
3. make mistakes 犯错 4. later on 后来。
5. be afraid to do 害怕做某事 6. laugh at 嘲笑(某人)
7. take notes 作笔记 8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事。
9. native speaker 说本族语的人 10. make up 组成。
11. the best way to do…做某事最好的办法 12. to begin with 首先。
13. write down 写下，记下 14. on one’s way to 在某人去某地的路上。
15. once more 又一次，再一次 16. first of all 首先。
17. give up 放弃 18. think about 考虑。
短语解释：section a.
的用法：① how are you? how do you do? ②how oldare you?
“距离”how far ( away ) is a from b ?
how long“多久” →for / since +一段时间 ,谓语常用延续性动词。 “多长”
how long can i keep the book ?-fortwo weeks .
how soon “要过多久？” in+ 一段时间 , 时态多为将来时， 谓语常用终止性动词。
---how soon will you get back ?-in an hour .
how often“多久一次？” 频率。
how often do you go to the park ?once a week / very often / never / sometimes .
how many / much “多少”how about “表建议”
2.☆ v.+ by + 动名词 “ 通过某种方式。。”
how do you study for a test ?i studybyaskingthe teacherforhelp.
① ask sb for help “向…求助” ②ask for le**e（请假） i will ask for two days’ sick le**e .
“出价”he asked me 110 yuan for the bike .④ask…to（邀请某人）we asked him to come again .]
she studiesby******vocabulary lists .
①make sth“制作…”②make+n.+adj.“使…处于某种状态”the news made himworried.
make＋宾语＋动词原形（迫使某人做某事）（使役动词）he made medoit again.
短语：make mistakesmake a mistakemake friendsmake the bedmake teamake it
make moneymake facesmake a noisemake one’s way tomake room formake up]
the best way to learn new wordswas by readingenglish magazines.
& learn区别：( study强调“研究”study the pronunciation of english “研究英语发音”)
learn可接不定式短语，study则不能； it’s never too oldto learn.
learn可指学习某人的品质和精神， study则不能； we must learn from lei feng .
对比工作强调上学时只能用study . are you still studying at school ? 研究。
大声地(人声)” what about reading aloud to practice pronunciation ?
loudlyadv。“吵闹地（各种声音）” they are dancing in the house loudly .
loudadj&adv“大声的/地(人声)” he broke the window with a loud voice. don’t talk so loud.
the sound of “发…音” do you know how to pronounce the letter ?
pronunciation n.（可数）“发音，读音”
6．everadv.“曾经”（多用于现在完成时“完成用法”，特点：☆与瞬间动词连用）
－h**e you ever … yes, i h**e. /just once .－no, not even once. /never .
h**e you ever been to…?-i’ve never been there (twice) /only once/ several times
7．i h**e learneda lotthat way. a lot = a lot of things其他用法： i like apples a lot / very much .
way“①方式，方法 ②路” that’s the best way to learn english well .which is the way to…?
8. itimprovesmyspeaking skills .[be skillful at / in / with = be good at …]
hardto understandthevoices.
it’s + adj.形＋( for sb )＋to it’s difficult (for me) to swim very well .
voice“（人的）语声、嗓音” he has lost his voice ,because of a bad cold .
noise“声音，噪音” don’t make so much noise .make a noise→
sound“（各种）声音” like… “听起来”he listen to the sad __of the sea.
例题： let’s go outside . there is too much __here .did you hear the __of music ?
具体的，明确的” specification adj. “普遍的，全面的”
some students had more specific suggestion . 一些学生有更多的明确的建议。”
例题： though he said a lot , he didn’t produce a __suggestion .
a. cleverb. surec. correctd. specific
不同地，有区别地” ming feels differently .
different from….(与…不同) cars are different from buses .
difference (可数名词) there are somedifferencesbetween cars and buses .
12. sometimes ,however, hefinds watching movies frustratingbecause the people speak tooquickly.
however①“然而，但是（可放句首、中和尾）→but只能放句首。i made a mistake , however.
“无论如何（no matter how）” however difficult it is ,i’ll work hard .
i find it frustrating thati can’t pass this exam .
quick（adj.）—quickly(adv)动作迅速。
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