八年级英语下册语法词汇重点

发布 2021-05-23 23:44:28 阅读 3697

period six(八年级下units 1-4)

一、大纲要求。

二、重点解析。

单词:1. argue

argue v. 意为“争论,争吵”,它常用于句型argue with sb. (about/over sth.)意思是“与某人……争论(某事)”。eg:

i often argued with him over the matter. 我常常和他在那件事上争论。

2. get

(1) get v. 意为“接到,收到”,相当于 “receive”。 eg:

i got a letter from my sister this morning. 今天早晨我接到了妹妹的来信。

另外,句型get sb. to do sth. 意为“使/让/叫某人做某事”,其中to不可以省略。 eg:

the teacher got the students to finish their homework at once.

老师让学生们立刻完成作业。

2) get 还可作连系动词,意为“变得,成为”。 eg:

our country is getting stronger and stronger. 我们的国家变得越来越强大。

3. land

(1) land v. 意为“降落”,“着陆”。 eg:

he plane landed safely. 飞机安全地降落了。

(2) 它还可用作名词,意为“陆地,土地,田地”。 eg:

he owns 100 acres of land. 他拥有一百英亩土地。

4. compare

compare v. 比较,对照。 eg:

compare the style of the two poems. 将这两首诗的风格加以比较。

if you compare her work with his, you’ll find hers is much better.

要是把他俩的工作比较一下,就会发现她的好得多。

5. find

find 后可接名词、代词、作宾语,还可以接复合宾语,用形容词、现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、副词、不定式作宾语补足语。 eg:

i found the book on the bed. 我发现书在床上。

i found the key lost. 我发现钥匙丢了。

she hurried there, but found them all out. 她赶到那里,但发现大家都出去了。

短语:1. call (sb.) up

call (sb.) up意为“给(某人)打**”,相当于give sb. a call, ring sb.

up, give sb. a ring, phone/telephone sb. eg:

i will call you up tomorrow. 我明天给你们打**。

2. take off

(1) take off 意为“起飞”,其反义词为land. eg:

the plane takes off at 3 pm every day. 那班飞机每天下午3点起飞。

(2) 它还可以表示脱去(衣服、鞋等)。其反义词为put on。

eg: he took off his shoes and put it behind the door. 他脱下鞋子,并把它放在门后。

[注]与take有关的短语有:

take away 拿走,取走 take back 收回,取消 take care of 照顾

take it easy 不要急,别紧张 take medicine 服药 take part in 参加

take place 发生 take photos 拍照 take a rest 休息一下 take a walk 散步。

3. run away

run away 意为“跑开,迅速离开,逃走”。 eg:

the girl ran away at once. 那个女孩立即跑走了。

[注]与away有关的短语有:

right away 立即,马上 go away 走开 be far away from 离……远。

put away 把……收起来,放好 take away 拿走。

词语辨析:1. be able to & can

be able to 和can 都表示“能”,但两者有以下区别:

(1) 表示现在或一般能力时,be able to与can可以互换使用。 eg:

nobody can/is able to solve the problem. 没人能理解这个问题。

(2) can只有现在式和过去式,而be able to 有较多的时态变化。 eg:

he has not been able to come. 他来不了了。

they will be able to do it well. 他们能把这件事情办好。

(3) be able to的过去时表示“经过努力能做成某事”,而could没有这种意思。 eg:

he worked hard at his lessons and was able to pass the exam.

他努力学习,考试及格了。

(4) 在表示猜测时,用can而不用be able to. eg:

that can’t be his book. my name is on it. 那不可能是他的书。上面有我的名字。

that man can’t be your headmaster. he has gone to australia.

那个人不可能是你的校长。他去澳大利亚了。

(5) be able to 可以与不定式以及shall, will, would连用,用在现在完成时态中,而can则不能。 eg:

i hope to be able to pass the exam. 我希望能通过这次考试。

you will pass the exam if you work hard. 如果你学习努力,你就会通过这次考试。

we h**e been able to read english novels. 我们已经能够读英文**了。

2. in & after

in 和 after 是介词,都表示“在……之后”,但两者用法不同。in指以现在为起点,句子多用将来时。after 指以过去某一时间为起点,句子多用过去时。

after 如后接钟点时,指以现在为起点,句子用将来时。 eg:

he will come back in an hour. 一个小时后他将回来。

after half a year, they built another factory. 半年后,他们建了另一家工厂。

he will finish the work after two o’clock. 两点后他将完成这件工作。

3. find, look for & find out

find意思是“发现,找到”,强调找的结果;而look for 意思是“寻找”,强调找的过程;find out意思是“查出;查明”,指经过努力查出了事情的真相。 eg:

the woman looked for her son everywhere, but she couldn’t find him. she was very sad.

这位妇女到处找她的儿子,但是她没有找到。她非常难过。

can you find out when the plane will take off? 你能查一下飞机什么时候起飞吗?

4. when & while

(1) when 与 while 都可以做从属连词,引导时间状语从句,意思是“当……时候”。当从句的谓语动词是延续性动词时,二者可以互换;若从句的谓语动词是终止性动词时,只能用when. eg:

when/while we were talking, the teacher came in. 当我们正说话时,老师走了进来。

he was listening to english when the telephone rang.

当**响时,他正在听英语。

the light went out suddenly while we were watching tv. 我们正在看电视,灯突然熄灭了。

while mary was writing a letter, the children were playing outside.

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