高考英语语法专题复习

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以下为高考英语语法专题复习讲义，快快收藏、**：

一、名词要点点拨】

一。可数名词的复数构成规则：

1.规则变化：加-s, -es; 辅音字母加y结尾的去y加ies;把f/ fe变成ves;

1)keys , three henrys; stomachs; safes; beliefs; proofs; roofs; gulfs; chiefs; heroes; potatoes; tomatoes; negroes; dingoes

2) 缩写，数字，字母等在后面加s或’s都可，如： some vips (vip’s); in his 50s / 50’s; in the 1990s / 1990’s; there are two t’s in the word “letter”.

2.不规则变化：

1) men , children , feet, teeth, geese, mice; oxen等；

2) 单复数形式相同：sheep; deer; fish; means; works(工厂); chinese; japanese; swiss; (teas, fruits, fishes, metals等表示种类);

3)只有复数形式：trousers, glasses(眼镜);remains(遗体/物);clothes; ashes; contents(目录); goods; customs(海关); arms(**);

4)复合名词的复数形式： shoe shops; lookers-on; grown-ups; passers-by; daughters-in-law

5)表示某国人的复数形式：a:单复一样：

chinese / japanese) b: 把man变成men : englishmen; frenchmen; c:

其它加s (包括germans)

一、不可数名词。

1.量的表示：用some / a little / much等表示数量的词（组）及单位名词（量词），用得较多的有piece, article, bottle, head, loaf, bar等：

a piece of advice / bread / news / information / equipment / chalk / cloth / clothing / music / work / furniture / ***** / wood / baggage; a loaf of bread; a bar of chocolate ; two head of cattle

2.不可数名词具体化： these games are great successes; the party was a great success.

二、名词的所有格：

1.表示有生命的名词后加’s, 如一样东西为几人共有，则在最后一个名词后加’s: jack and tom’s room(两人共有的房间); jack’s and tom’s rooms（两人各自的房间）；表示无生命的名词的所有格用of表示：

the windows of the room;

但表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体、机构等无生命的名词后也可加’s: china’s industry; today’s *****; ten minutes’ walk)

2.表示“某人家里”“某店铺”等的名词所有格后省略所修饰的名词：at my aunt’s (house); at the doctor’s (office); go to the chemist’s (shop);

3.双重所有格：a / an / this / that / these / those / some / any / a few / no / every / several / such / another / which 等+名词+of +…s / 名词性物主代词（表示“部分”的概念或表示某种感**彩，如：

赞赏、讨厌等）；

比较：a friend of her mother’s她母亲的一个朋友（强调她母亲的朋友中的一位，为双重所有格）

a friend of her mother她母亲的朋友（强调两人间的关系，为of所有格）

a picture of his brother’s(他弟弟的所拥有的**中的一张，**上不一定是他本人)

a picture of his brother（他弟弟本人的一张**，**上就是他本人）

三、名词作定语修饰名词：前一个名词表示后一个名词的特点、性质及用途；

1)一般前面的名词用单数形式，复数加在后面主体名词上：shoe shop(s); story book(s); coffee cup(s); physics teacher(s); 个别名词修饰另外一个名词用复数形式：sales manager; sports meet; 由man / woman与另一个名词构成复合名词两者都变复数：

men/ women doctors;

2)比较名词作定语及形容词作定语的不同意义：

a dust bag ( a bag for dust) 装灰尘的袋子/ a dusty bag布满灰尘的袋子 a chemical change化学变化(具有化学性质的变化)/ a chemistry teacher( a teacher of chemistry)一个化学老师。

a gold watch 一只金表(表材质)/ a golden watch一只金黄色的表。

五。英语中”很多”的表达：

只修饰可数名词：quite a few / a great many (of) /many / a (large / small) number of

只修饰不可数名词： a great deal of / a great amount of ( great amounts of)

既可修饰可数也可修饰不可数名词：plenty of / a lot of ( lots of ) a (large) quantity of / large quantities of

各个击破】regular advertiser dare produce anything that fails to stick to the __of his advertisement.

a. standard b. levelc. message d. promise

2.--what do you think of his composition?

---much better, but there’s still some __for improvement.

a. spaceb. roomc. aread. place

3. sometimes doctors make higher __for their work than they should.

a. billsb. chargesc. costsd. prices

4. the __of a big snake made her frightened, so she sat there still.

a. sightb. lookc. viewd. scene

___she fell ill, considering that she had been overworking for years.

a. problemb. wayc. wonderd. matter

6. -how is it that you lost your way?

---when i came to the crossroads, i went the wrong

a. wayb. direction c. distance d. path

7. little tom asked me for smallfor hispiece, so i g**e him

a. change; ten pennies; ten pence b. changes; ten pennies; ten pence

c. change; ten pence; ten pennies d. changes; ten pence; ten pennies

8. will you please tell me __you are talking about?

a. which zhang yimou’s filmb. which film of zhang yimou

c. which film of zhang yimou’s d. zhang yimou’s which film

9. the baby broke a __which is made of __just now.

a. tea cup; glass b. cup of tea; glass c. tea’s cup; glasses d. tea cup; glasses

10. look, mother has just bought three __and __

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