情态动词与虚拟语气（含答案和解析）
情态动词和虚拟语气是历年高考英语的必考知识点，虚拟语气是整个语法系统中的难点，因此，学好它必须要静下心来、花些力气。今天，让我们看看关于虚拟语气和情态动词的一些经典例题，你都会吗？
. 单句语法填空。
1．the only thing that i__could__do was that i wished her a long life.
解析：句意：我唯一能做的事情是希望她能长寿。所填词表示能力，此处要表达我唯一“能”做的，而且根据wished判断句子应该用一般过去时，所以填could。
2．since you h**e such good preparations, there__should__not be any problem about passing the coming job interview.
解析：句意：既然你准备得很充分，通过即将到来的工作面试应该没问题。根据since提供的原因“准备充分”可以判断出，此处表示“按理说应该发生”的，故本空填情态动词should。
3．it has been accepted that all the students__shall__put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with flu virus.
解析：句意：为防止学生感染流感病毒，学生们在进校前要戴上口罩，这一点大家都已接受。在第三人称作主语的陈述句中，表示规定、规则，用shall。
4．now i__would__like to ask you to look at some photographs if you don't mind.
解析：句意：如果你愿意的话，现在我想让你看一些**。i would like to do...是固定句式，意为“我想做……”
5．anyone__can__be in a rough life time，whether he is“bai fumei”or“gao fushuai”.
解析：句意：任何人都会有困难的时候，无论他是“白富美”还是“高富帅”。此处是情态动词用于陈述句中，表示“一时的情况”，故用情态动词can。
6．(2014·福建，32)__were__(be) there no modern telecommunications，we would h**e to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.
解析：句意：如果没有现代通信手段，我们需要等待数周才能获得来自世界各地的新闻。
由句意和主句中的“would＋动词原形”可知，逗号前是一个表示与现在事实相反的从句，应为if there were...此处条件句中的if省略，把were提到主语前，故填were。
7．(2014·陕西)we would rather our daughter__stayed__(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.
解析：句意：我们宁愿让女儿和我们一起待在家里，可那是她的选择，而且她也不再是个孩子了。would rather后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，用一般过去时表示与现在或将来相反的事实。
8．(2014·重庆，13)it was john who broke the window. why are you talking to me as if i__had_done__(do) it?
解析：句意：是约翰打破了窗户。
你为什么以好像是我打破了的语气对我说话？as if引导的状语从句中，谓语动词与wish引导的宾语从句的虚拟语气形式相同。结合语境可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，填had done。
9．(2016·石家庄二模)—what a slow bus this is!
yes, we__may/might__just as well walk.
解析：may/might as well不妨……。
10．(2014·四川，6)i still remember my happy childhood when my mother__would__(will) take me to disneyland at weekends.
解析：句意：我仍然记得我的幸福童年，那时我母亲总会在周末带我去迪士尼乐园。would表示过去的一种习惯。
. 语法填空。
在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
drunk driving, a major concern currently, is not a funny thing, _1. which__ has killed many people and ruined the lives of many others. at present, traffic accidents become“the world's first harm”．
two months ago, after __2. drinking__(drink) a lot of alcohol, my friend's uncle drove his car home. he was __3.
he**ily__(he**y) drunk, but he still drove home by himself. on the road near his home, an old lady was going across the road, _4. but__ his uncle didn't notice her and he was still moving on under the influence of alcohol.
and __5. the__ old lady didn't see his uncle, either. in the end, the lady died.
_6. had__ it not been for his uncle's drunkenness, the terrible accident would not h**e happened. if the lady __7.
hadn't_died__(die), she would live a happy life with her daughters and sons. and his uncle's home was also destroyed by his uncle. therefore, two __8.
families__(family) were destroyed.
i wish more people __9. could__(can) realize the seriousness of drunk driving and obey the traffic regulations faithfully. always remember:
refuse __10. to_drink__(drink) and drive, and give a safe world to you and me!
解析：1．thing后是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，故填which。
2．after在此是介词，后跟动名词。
3．修饰was drunk用副词。
4．由didn't notice判断，该空所用词表示转折，故填but。
5．特指上文提到的lady，故填定冠词。
6．根据主句中的would not h**e happened判断，逗号前面是一个虚拟语气的条件句，句子的谓语应用had done形式；但是因为省略了if，所以要把had提前到句首，由此可判断出该空填had。
7．if引导的是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句子，故应用过去完成时，填hadn't died。
8．集体名词family在此是被看作整体，此处指“两个家庭”，应用其复数形式families。
9．wish后的从句用虚拟语气，此处表示与现在事实相反的情况，所以填could。
10．refuse后用动词不定式作宾语，refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。
.单句改错。
1．(2016·新课标ⅱ)some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.
答案与解析：can→should或去掉can 句意：一些同学建议我们去附近的名胜古迹。
suggest作动词，表示“建议”时，宾语从句的谓语通常用虚拟语气“(should＋)动词原形”，故此处可把can改为should，也可去掉can。
2．(2015·新课标ⅰ)we must found ways to protect our environment.
答案与解析：found→find 句意：我们必须要找到保护环境的方法。情态动词must后接动词原形。
3．(2016·湖南衡阳八中二模)it is true that no one should live without money in modern society.
答案与解析：should→can 句意：的确，在当代社会，没有钱就不能生活。根据句意可知，表示“能，能够”须用can。
4．(2016·山西四校模拟)but for the rain，we should h**e a pleasant journey yesterday.
答案与解析：h**e后加had 句意： 要不是下雨，我们昨天会有一次愉快的旅行。对过去的虚拟用should h**e done结构。
5．(2016·海口二模)he had telephoned to inform me of your birthday，or i would h**e known nothing about it.
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