2013—2014学年下学期培训中心英语专题复习学案。
专题五——介词。
1、方位介词。
(1)over, above, on , below,through,across,beyond,against,under, past
careful, there is a he**y box___上方)your head.
sun is __the mountain in the east.
are many stamps___上面）the desk.
little mouse is __下面）the table, so it is not easy to find it.
great wall winds its way from west to east, _越过） deserts跨过）mountains, _穿过）valleys, till at last it reaches the sea.
crowd of people walked __经过）the city hall to the center square.
___me why such things h**e been allowed to happen.
我无法想象为什么允许这样的事情发生。
sunlight came in __穿过）the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room.
bicycle is __不能)repair.
hit his head___对着)the wall and hurt himself.
2）in, on ,to在方位名词前的区别。
1. shandong province is/lies in the east of china.(在某范围之内)
2. jiangsu province is/ lies to the southeast of hubei province.(在某范围之外)
3. mongolia is/ lies on the north of china.(接壤)
is/ lies __the east of china.
lies __the north of china.
3. taiwan is __the southeast of fujian and we still say it lies___the east of china.
3）among与between的区别。
among 表示三者或三者以上之间；between表示两者之间，有时between后边也可能出现三个或三个以上的宾语，但仍表示每两者之间的关系。
the secret is only __you and me.
we will visit a town___the mountains.
he divided his money___john, helen and his nephew.
4）from ；out of；into；down；up；along； off=away from或down from
young student is___tibet.
2. she took the passport __her handbag and showed it to the policeman.
fell __the ladder and hurt her leg.
___this street for five minutes and you can’t miss it.
2、时间介词。
1）at表示时间点、时刻：at 12：00 ，at noon，at night， at midnight，at dawn，
at daybreak，at breakfast/supper/lunch, at the age of 15, at christmas 在圣诞节。
2）in 表示在较长时间内，如世纪、年、月、季节、周等。in the 1980s， in qing dynasty, in october, in the morning/ afternoon/ evening，in spring/ summer/ autumn/ winter.
注意：当时间名词前有this，that，last，next，every等词限定时，通常不用任何介词。例如： this morning; next sunday.
3）on 用于具体的某一天或某天的上下午、晚上、前夕。
on sunday, on tuesday morning, on christmas day (但at christmas),on christmas eve, on children’s day , on march8, on the morning of oct.1.
1.在星期天上午2.在三月初。
3.在母亲节4.在19世纪20年代。
got a nice bike___his fourteenth birthday.
came here __the morning of monday, and went back __the afternoon.
jumped with joy___hearing the news.
came back in last monthtruth or false)
4) in +一段时间表示“多久以后” 用于将来时。
after+一段时间表示“多久以后”用于过去时 after+时间点用于将来时
in the past 在过去用于一般过去时 in the past/ last+时间段与现在完成时连用。
will come and see you again___a few days.
___changed a lot in the past 20 years.
三、工具、手段、方式介词。
1) 1.乘交通工具：by后加单数名词
by bike / bus/ plane/ ship/ boat/ /train/ taxi/ spaceship
by sea / water/ land/ air by post 用邮寄方式 by telephone用**
2.当交通工具前有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰语时用on或in。
如：tr**el to new york in this plane. le**e on an early train,
go to school on my bike.
foot/ on horseback/ a horse/ the camel(骆驼)
he went to beijing by car=he went to beijing __his car.
he wen to beijing by train=he went to beijing __an early train.
2)1. with用于具体的工具或身体器官。
they are digging with a spade(铲).
we see with our eyes, hear with our ears and walk with our legs.
in ,on , over, through等多用于无形的工具或方式手段之前。
熟记下面搭配。
by hand 手工 in ink 用墨水 in blue ink用蓝墨水。
on the telephone通过** over the radio 通过无线电。
through the telescope 通过 in english 用英语 in japanese用日语。
3. 表示“用···方式/法”时，所用介词分别为：
in this/that ..way / manner
by this/ that means
by means of借助
with this /that method
1.-did you went there __train?-no, we went there___a car.
bicycle,__which she goes to school every day, is made in shanghai.
made the coat __my own hands. it was made __hand, not with a machine.
form is very important. please fill in the form __ink not___a pencil.
四、表原因的介词
1)because of通常作状语，位于句首或句中 due to通常作表语。
owing to 作状语，偶做表语thanks to幸亏，多亏多用于句首。
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