2019小学英语语法复习要点

发布 2021-05-20 00:36:28 阅读 4077

pep小学英语毕业总复习。

一、26个字母( 注:五个元音字母是 aa ee ii oo uu )

二:学生易错词汇。

1.a , an的选择:表示“一个,一类”。元音音素开头的单词前用an,辅音音素开头的单词前用a 。

如:an apple , a red apple , a stamp , an american stamp

2. be (am , is , are )的选择:单数用is , 复数用are , i用am , you 用are .

如:i am a student . you are zhang peng .

she is twelve .

3. h**e , has 的选择:表示某人有某物 。 单数用has , 复数用h**e 。 i ,you用h**e . 如 :

i h**e a pen . you h**e a pencil . he has a ruler .

4. there is , there are 的选择:表示某地有某物 。 单数用there is,复数用there are .遵循“就近原则”。如:

there is a pen on the desk .

there are three pens on the desk .

any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定句用any.

6. 疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (**) whose (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少钱)

三:形容词比较级。

1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用much, a little 来修饰表示程度。

than后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。

2、形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是:

一般的直接在词尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以e结尾的,直接加r ,如 fine – finer , 以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier

双写最后的字母再加er,如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter

不规则形容词比较级:

good-better, much-more

比较级专项练习:

一、从方框中选出合适的单词完成句子he**y tall long big

1) how is the yellow river?

2) how is mr green? he’s 175cm.

3) how are your feet? i wear size 18.

4)how is the fish? it’s 2kg.

二、根据句意写出所缺的单词。

1) i’m 12 years old. you’re 14. i’m than you.

2) a rabbit’s tail is than a monkey’s tail.

3) an elephant is than a pig.

4) a lake is than a sea.

5) a basketball is than a football.

三、根据中文完成句子。

1) 我比我的弟弟大三岁。 i’m than my brother.

2) 这棵树要比那棵树高。 this tree than that one.

3) 你比他矮四厘米。 you are than he.

四:人称和数。

五:句型专项归类。

1、 肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:i’m a student.

she is a doctor. he works in a are four fans in our classroom. he will eat lunch at 12:

00. i watched tv yesterday evening.

2、否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:i’m not a student.

she is not (isn’t) a does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. there are not (aren’t) four fans in our will not (won’t) eat lunch at did not (didn’t) watch tv yesterday evening.

注意☆ 小结:否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面,可缩写成“isn’t,aren’t”,但am not 一般都分开写。

没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然后在它后面加上“not”,你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t )。这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did” 。

3、一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答。

如:are you a student? yes, i am / no, i’m not.

is she a doctor? yes, she is. /no, she isn’t.

does he work in a hospital? yes, he does. /no, he doesn’t.

are there four fans in our classroom? yes, there are. /no, there aren’t.

are you going to buy a comic book tonight? yes, i am. /no, i am not.

(yes, we are. /no, we aren’t.)

will he eat lunch at 12:00? yes,he will. /no, he will not(won’t).

are they swimming? yes, they are. /no, they aren’t.

did you watch tv yesterday evening? yes, i did. /no, i didn’t.

注意☆ 小结:一般疑问句是在肯定句的基础上,把动词be调到首位,其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。

没有动词be的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词(do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。

这三个助动词也要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都用“did” 。一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略答句里的这个词是一致的。

4、特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用“yes 、no”来回答。

如:what is this? it’s a computer.

what does he do? he’s a doctor.

where are you going? i’m going to beijing.

who played football with you yesterday afternoon? mike.

which season do you like best? summer.

when do you usually get up? i usually get up at 6:30.

whose skirt is this? it’s amy’s.

why do you like spring best? because i can plant trees.

how are you? i’m fine. /i’m happy.

how did you go to xinjiang? i went to xinjiang by train.

其中how又可以和其他一些形容词连用组成特殊疑问词组用来提问,如: how many(多少(数量)),how much(多少(钱)),how tall(多高), how long(多长), how big(多大), how he**y(多重)

例句:how many pencils do you h**e? i h**e three pencils.

how many girls can you see? i can see four girls.

how many desks are there in your classroom? there are 51.

小结:how many 用来提问可数名词的数量,主要有以上三种句式搭配,how many + 名词复数 + do you h**e? 你有多少……?

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