高一英语下学期知识要点复习unit13 healthy eating
英语小窍门 ·
句型与句子结构(句型层次表)
第一层第二层例句。
简单句主谓 i am coming.
主谓宾 i like cats.
主谓宾宾 i bought you a book. i bought a book for you.
主谓宾补 i seldom see him do morning exercises.
主谓表 i am a teacher. he is very tall.
并列句主谓 + 主谓 (and, or, but, for) i phoned him but there was no answer.
复合句主语从句名词性从句 what he told me yesterday is true.
宾语从句 i know that he is an american.
表语从句 this is how he broke the door.
同位语从句 his suggestion that we set off now has been accepted.
定语从句 this is the room where he was born.
状语从句 before he came here, he had learnt chinese for years.
重点词汇解析 ·
1. stomach n. 肚子，胃，复数为stomachs。肚子疼：stomachache构成短语有：
h**e a pain in the stomach 胃(腹)疼。
lie on one’s stomach 俯卧。
h**e the stomach for… 对……有兴趣。
turn one’s stomach 使……恶心。
on an empty/a full stomach 空着肚子/吃饱。
2. bar n.
1)条状物；棒。
a bar of soap 一条肥皂 a bar of chocolate 一条巧克力 a bar of gold一根金条。
2)酒吧 a coffee bar
3)固定短语：behind bars 在狱中。
3. diet n.
1)正常饮食 a balanced diet 均衡的饮食 a diet of potatoes 土豆食品。
2)饮食限制 go on a diet=be on a diet 节食， 节食。
no sugar in my coffee; i’m dieting.
4. disease n. 疾病 a serious disease of the liver 严重的肝病。
diseased adj. 有病的 a diseased plant病态的植物。
辨析：illness, disease
illness：很少指具体疾病，只表示抽象的疾病和生病的状态。
disease: 指可以染上和传染他人的疾病。
e. g. several children are away from school because of illness.几个孩子因生病没上学。
he has a rare heart disease.他得了一种罕见的心脏病。
5. probably 与 possibly比较。
1)probably 极有可能， 有几分根据的猜测； 比possibly所指的可能性大些。
e. g. he is working hard and clever as well many people can help him.
he will probably win.他工作努力，人也聪明；很多人愿意帮助他。他极有可能取胜。
2)possibly 可能地。表示客观上潜在的可能性，可能性比probably小，经常与情态动词can 或may 连用。
e. g. she may possibly be the greatest writer of her generation.
她或许是她那一代人中最伟大的作家。
6. promise v. &n. 允诺；答应。
动词用法：后接名词或代词、不定式、that 从句。
1)they promised an immediate reply. 他们答应立刻回复。
2)he promised me to be here at six o’clock.=he promised me that he would be here at six o’clock.. 他答应我他将在六点在这里等我。
3)i promised you not to say that. 我答应你不说那件事。
4)it promises to be warm this afternoon. 今天下午有望转暖。
5)he is a promising boy. 他是一个有前途的男孩。
名词用法：make a promise 许下诺言give a promise 许下诺言
keep a promise 信守诺言carry out a promise 履行诺言。
break a promise违背诺言。
7. brain n.
1)用作不可数名词，大脑。
the brain is the centre of higher nervous activity.大脑是高等神经活动的中枢。
2)用作可数名词brains，智力，头脑。
she has a good brain. =she has good brains.她很聪明。
8. advise, suggest用法。
1)advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise doing sth. 建议做某事。
advise that…(should) +动词原形。
i advise you to le**e now. 我建议你现在就离开。
i advise waiting till the proper time. 我建议等到适当时机(才行动)。
we advise that steps (should) be taken at once. 我们建议立即采取措施。
2)suggest建议，其句型为。
suggest doing sth. 建议做某事。
suggest one’s doing sth. =suggest sb. doing建议某人去做某事。
suggest that…(should) +动词原形。
we suggested that the old museum(should)be rebuilt as soon as possible.
我们建议那座旧博物馆应该尽早重修。
9．diet与food的区别：
diet指的是习惯的食物或规定的食物，特指维持健康的定量或定质的食物。
food指能吃喝的具有营养的东西。例如：
the doctor has ordered me a special diet.医生给我安排了特殊的饮食。
i like a ****** diet best.我最喜欢粗茶淡饭。
we must h**e food to eat and clothes to wear.我们必须有食物吃，有衣服穿。
the patient must not go without food, but he must h**e a diet without sugar.
这个病人不可不吃东西，但要吃不含糖的饮食。
重点词组解析 ·
1. plenty of充分的，大量的，既可修可数名词又可修不可数名词，只用于陈述句，在疑问句中一般用enough，在否定句中用many 或much。
注意：plenty of前面没有冠词a, 不可误记成a plenty of。
make sure there is plenty of food for everyone. we h**e plenty of chairs here.
in plenty 充足地。
there is food in plenty. =there is plenty of food.
2．be careful用法归纳。
1)be careful 单独使用，当心。
be careful！the pan is hot! 当心！锅很热。
2)be careful about…对……谨慎。
i hope you’ll be careful in future about the things you say.我希望你将来对所说事谨慎。
3)be careful of…留神……
we h**e to be careful of what they are doing.我们得留神他们做的什么。
4)be careful with…注意……
you must be more careful with your work.你们需注意你们的工作。
有时be careful表示吝啬。
he’s too careful with his money; he never buys a drink for anyone.
他太吝啬了，他从不给别人买杯水。
5)be careful not to do sth. 小心不要做……
we want to be careful not to break anything.我们要小心不要打破任何东西。
6)be careful+从句加以小心。
be careful what you do. 小心你做的一切。
3．keep up with 跟上（防止落后）
keep up with the class 跟上班级（不掉队）
keep up with the development of society 适应社会的发展
keep up with the going on 跟上时尚
注意：catch up with （已经落后）赶上。
4．be +adj +to短语。
1)be harmful to…对……有害。
be +adj. +to sb. /sth. 指对某人或某物有……影响或态度如何。
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