2023年高考英语难点37讲。
难点18 灵活多用的动词不定式。
动词不定式是高考的必考内容之一，其考查内容多且复杂，高考中常考查不定式作主语、状语、宾语、补语、表语和插入语；不定式的时态和语态，主动表示被动意思等；动词不定式符号“to”的省略也在考查范围之内。
●难点磁场。
1.(★there are five pairs___but i’m at a loss which to buy.
be chosen from choose from chosing
2late in the morning, bob turned off the alarm.
(2001京、皖、蒙春季高考)
slept3.(★it is said that in australia there is more land than the government knowsnmet 2002)
what to do to do it with
to do with do what with it
●案例**。
is said___abroad, but i don’t know what country he studied in.
h**e study
be h**e been studying
命题意图：考查动词不定式的时态（完成式）的用法。此题属五星级题目。
知识依托：不定式的完成式表示的动作通常在谓语所表示的动作（或状态）前已完成，强调动作发生在过去。
错解分析：c、d项干扰较大。若选c项，but后句子应改为but i don’t know what country he is studying in.
若选d项，应改为：but i don’t know what country he has studied in.
解题方法与技巧：由题干“i don’t know what country he studied in”可得知“他在国外学习这一动作发生在过去”。故答案为a。
答案：apurpose of new technologies is to make life easierit more difficult.
to make ****** not make
命题意图：考查不定式作表语。此题属四星级题目。
知识依托：句子的表语是两个并列比较的不定式；to do a和to do b两个不定式作比较。后者“to”不可省略。
错解分析：a项干扰性较强，但应掌握to do a和to do b两个不定式作比较，后者to不可省略。
解题方法与技巧：分清句子的基本结构。
答案：bworked with children before,so i know what___in my new job.
(nmet 2000)
be expecting
命题意图：考查疑问词加不定式的用法。此题属四星级题目。
知识依托：疑问词加不定式可以作主语、表语及用在某些动词后作宾语，相当于名词性从句。这些动词有ask, discuss, decide, explain, forget, find out, know, learn, remember, show, tell, wonder等等。
what to expect相当于what i will expect。故答案为b。
答案：btried many times to sneak across the border to a neighbouring country,__each time.
been caught
being to be caught
命题意图：此词考查动词不定式作结果状语的用法。此题属五星级题。
知识依托：现在分词和不定式都可作结果状语，前者表示的是顺理成章，自然而然的结果；而不定式作结果状语，有两种情况：
①用来表示“意想不到、突然的结果”。
②用于某些结构中，如“too…to…,so…as to…”。
例：he hurried to the station, only to find the train had left.(意想不到的结果）
答案：d●锦囊妙计。
1.动词不定式也有时态和语态的变化，需牢牢掌握。
2.不定式作定语，应注意：不定式所修饰的名词或代词和不定式能构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式用主动形式。例：
tom is the right man to do the work.
3.不定式与所修饰的词能构成逻辑上的动宾关系；又与该句主语构成主谓关系时，不定式常用主动形式。如：i’ve got something important to do.
4.在feel,hear,listen to,make等感官动词或使役动词后，常用不带to的动词不定式作宾补，但变被动时，需加上“to”。
●歼灭难点训练。
1.(★the boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him___
to do not to
2.(★i lost my way in complete darkness andmatters worse,it began to rain.
made make
3.(★they had nothing else to do but___a doctor.
call for
4.(★tom did whatever he could___those who were in trouble.
help5.(★the way they talked___the problem seemed impossible.
settling to settle
6.(★every minute is made full___of___our lessons well.
use;study study
7.(★h**e you anything___there.
— you just the same.
be taken be take should be taken
8.(★the old man was once___sing the song.
to to to to
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