名词性从句。
一、名词性从句的种类。
名词性从句一共有三种： that从句、whether(if)从句、疑问词所引导的从句；名词性从句具有名词的功能，可充当句子主语、宾语、表语、同位语，用名词性从句充当这几种成分，称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
二、that从句。
任何一个陈述句前面冠子that，即为that从句：
he doesn't believe my words.(句子)→ that he doesn't believe my words.(名词性从句)
he enjoys dancing.(句子)→ that he enjoys dancing(名词性从句)
there is a lot of work to do.(句子)→ that there is a lot of work to do.(名词性从句)
三、whether从句。
本从句系由一般疑问句演变而来。
1.问句有be动词时，主语与be动词还原，前面冠以 whether(if):
is he happy?(句子)→ whether he is happy(名词性从句)(他是否快乐)
2.问句有一般助动词(can、 will、may、 should、 ought to、must、h**e)时。
主语与助动词还原，前面冠以 whether
can he do it?(句子)→ whether he can do it(名词性从句)(他是否能做这件事)
has he done it→ whether he has done it(他是否已做好此事)
3.问句有do、does、did等助动词时主语与助动词还原，再将do、does、did去掉，后面的动词依人称和时态变化。
did he come?(问句)→ whether he did come→ whether he came(名词性从句)(他是否来了)
does he like it
四、疑问词从句。
本从句系由疑问词( when what、how、 where、why)等引导的特殊疑问句变化而成，这种由疑问词引导的问句称为特殊疑问句。
1.问句有be动词时，前面保留疑问词，变为陈述语序。
what is he doing?(问句)→ what he is doing(名词性从句)
2.问句有一般助动词时，前面保留疑问词，变为陈述语序。
where can he find it?(问句)→ where he can find it(名词性从句)
3.问句有do、does、did等助动词时，主语与助动词还原，前面保留疑问词，再将do、does、did去掉，动词依人称和时态变化。
what did he write?(问句)→what he did write→ what he wrote(名词性从句)
when did he come?(问句)→when he did come
how does he do it?(问句)→how he does do it
注意：who what、 which(哪一个)为疑问代词，若在问句中作主语，变成名词性从句时，结构不变。
who came here?(问句)→ who came here(名词性从句)
what happened last night?→ what happened last night
which was bought?→ which was bought
五、名词性从句的功能。
名词性从句乃由句子或问句变化而成，名可性从句也要被视为名词。由于具有名词的特性，故可作主语、宾语或在be动词之后作表语、同位语，用名词性从句充当这几种成分，称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
1.名词性从句作主语。
that honesty is the best policy is a proverb(which) we should always keep in mind.
where he lives is still in doubt.
whether he can do it remains to be seen.(他能胜任与否仍有待观察。)
名词性从句作主语时容易造成主语太长的现象，因此亦可用形式主语代替，置于句首，而被代替的名词性从句则置于句尾。故可改写为：
it is a proverb(which) we should always keep in mind that honesty is the best policy.
2.名词性从句作及物动词的宾语。
i know that he will go abroad in the near future.
i wonder whether he has finished the work.
i don't know how he'll handle it.
3.名词性从句作介词的宾语 : 此时仅能用 whether从句或疑问词引导的名词性从句作宾语。that从句不可作介词的宾语。
i am worried about whether he can do it.
i'm curious about how he'll cope with the problem.
i am sure of that the team has won the game. (x)
4.遇有介词，且非要使用that从句时，其补救方法如下：
1)介词+ the fact+that从如此，就可用 the fact作介词的宾语，而that从句就成了 the fact的同位语。
i am sure of the fact that the team has won the game.
i am worried about the fact that he doesn't study.
2)保留介词，不加 the fact，但介词之后的that从句要做下列变化：
第一步：除去that
第二步：that后的主语变成所有格；
第三步：动词变成动名词。
i am worried about that he plays around all day.
his playing
i am worried about his playing around all day.
a)that从句若有助动词do、 does， did时，予以去掉即可。
i am worried about that he doesn't stydy.
his not studying
i am worried about his not studying.
b)that从句若有助动词will或 would时，予以去掉即可。
i am sure of that the team will win the game.
the team's winning
i am sure of the team's winning the game.
3)be+adj.+that从句。
也就是去掉介词，将that从句放在形容词后面，作其宾语。
i am worried abut that he plays around all day.
i am worried that he plays around all day.
i am sure of that the team has won the game.
i am sure that the team has won the game.
请将括号里的疑问句变成名词从句。
1．__is unimportant to me. (does she come?)
2．__remains uncertain. (shall we h**e the match?)
3．i wondershould we wait for him?)
4．no one knows exactlyis there life on other planets?)
5．i am interested in the questionwill people live on the moon someday?)
6．my question isdo we h**e enough time to go to the movie?)
7．do you know___does sound tr**el faster than light?)
8．i don't knowhow old is he?)
9．__was interesting. (what was he talking about?)
10．do you knowwhat's on tv tonight?)
11．please tell mewhere do you live?)
12．i wonderwhy did dinosaurs become extinct?)
13．__wasn't true. (what did she say?)
14．__is true. (what did he tell you?)
15．__is still a mystery. (why did they refuse to cooperate with us?)
16．do you know___when are they coming?)
17．i can't rememberhow much does it cost?)
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