湖南省隆回职业中专对口高考第一轮复习学案设计者：罗芳。
语法复习（八）--动词的时态。
一、动词时态。
用来表示动作或状态发生时间的各种动作形式成为动词的时态。英语中共有16种时态。时态的考查是历年高考热点，每年都有几道单选题。
语法项目表列了八项：1）一般现在时2）一般过去时3）一般将来时4）现在进行时5）过去进行时6）现在完成时7）过去完成时8）过去将来时。时态题主要考查8种时态的形式及用法。
二、掌握情况自查
1. when the teacher __the classroom, most of the students were putting their hearts __reading. (2006’ 对口高考第26题)
2. how long __you __the army before you came to our company? (2006’ 对口高考第28题)
3. during my childhood, i often asked my grandfather to __me stories. (2007’ 对口高考第25题)
4. mr. liu __a soldier before he came to work in our company. (2007’ 对口高考第30题)
5. my teacher promised that hehis camera to me. (2008’ 对口第31题)
6. a moment ago, a policeman told me that he___my stolen motorbike in a village. (2009’ 对口高考第29题)
7. i didn’t answer your telephone because i __a magazine at the moment. (2011’ 对口高考第28题)
8. the music sounds quite pleasant. who __the violin next door? (2012’ 对口高考第21题)
三、用法**。
一）一般现在时。
a. 谓语的构成：一般现在时常以动词原形表示，但当主语是第三人称单数时，应用动词的单数第三人称形式。
we h**e seven classes every day.
english is spoken in some countries.
he does outdoor exercises every morning.
the students often make experiments in the physics laboratory.
注意】(1) 动词be 的第一人称单数用am， 第三人称单数用is, 其余的人称一律用are;
(2) 动词h**e（有）第三人称单数用has, 其余的人称一律用h**e;
(3) 动词的第三人称单数形式在动词分类章节中已讲过；
复习】一般现在时主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词后要加s或es，其变化规则与名词变复数的方法大体相同：
1. 一般情况下只在动词后加s，如work—works, write—writes。
2. 以s, x, sh, ch结尾的动词，后加es，如guess—guesses, mix—mix, finish—finishes, catch—catches
3. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，改y为ies，如study—studies。
注：不规则变化的有h**e—has, be—is, go—goes, do—does等。
b. 一般现在时主要有以下几种用法：
1、一般现在时表示现在经常发生或习惯性的行为或状态，常与usually often, always, every day, twice a week, seldom, sometimes等时间状语连用。
he always sleeps with the windows open.
tom often __do) his homework in the evening.
mary and jack __go) to the cinema twice a month.
sometimes we __play) basketball after school.
2、一般现在时表示主语的性格、特征、能力等。
he works hard. does he work hard? he doesn’t work hard.
does he like sports?
___he fond of classic music?(be)
3、一般现在时表示客观事实或普遍真理，也用在格言中。
the sun rises in the east. the earth tr**els around the sun.
the teacher told us that light __faster than sound.
a. tr**elled b. will tr**el c. tr**els d. tr**el
4、在时间、条件、比较等状语从句中表将来的动作。
在由when, if, after, before, as, as soon as, the minute, the next time, in case, though, till, until, unless, so long as, where, whatever, whenever等引导的状语从句中，常用一般现在时代替将来时，但应注意，主句的谓语动词必须用一般将来时（will do…）。
the volleyball match will be put off if it rains tomorrow.
如果明天下雨，排球赛将推迟。
when they le**e school, they will go to college.中学毕业后，他们去上大学。
5、表示安排或计划好的将来动作，通常限于表示"运动"的动词，如：go, come, le**e, start等。
the train starts at 10 o' clock in the morning.火车在上午10点发车。
i'll come to see you before you go.你走之前我来看你。
exercise:
改错：1. mary always got up late and never has enough time for breakfast.
2. the teacher told us that the earth turn from west to east.
选择题：1. if it __rain, we’ll h**e the party outside.
a. wouldn’t b. doesn’t c. didn’t d. won’t
2. once we __to do something, you will never hold us back.
a. will make up our minds b. make up our minds
c. make up our mindd. made up our minds
3. would you please give him the message the moment he __
a. arrives b. arrived c. will arrive d. will be arriving
4. according to the timetable, the train for shanghai __at 9:00
a . le**es b. will le**e c. has left d. is left
5. i __ping-pong quite well, but i h**en’t had time to play since the new year.
a. will play b. h**e played c. played d. play
二）一般过去时。
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或状态，常和表示过去的时间连用，yesterday, last night, in 1990, two days ago, just now等。也表示过去经常或反**生的动作，常和often, always等表示频度的时间状语连用。
a． 谓语的构成。
动词be 的第一人称和第三人称单数用was, 其余的人称一律用were；动词h**e, 各个人称不分单复数，一律用had；其他动词用其过去式，没有人称及单复数的变化。
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