中考英语近义词辨析。
instead & instead of
1. instead是副词,意为“代替”,常放在句首或句尾,放在句首时,后面常用逗号隔开。如:
if you are busy, you may come another day instead. 如果你忙的话,你可以改天再来。
he never studies. instead, he plays all day.
他从不学习,整天玩耍。
2. instead of是介词短语,意为“代替,而不是”,后面常跟名词、代词或v-ing形式。如:
parents should give their children more advice instead of money.
父母应当给孩子更多的忠告,而不是金钱。
if you h**e no time, i’ll go instead of you.
如果你没有时间,我将替你去。
i want to fly to beijing instead of taking a train.
我想坐飞机去北京,而不想坐火车去。
山西玲儿 sleepy & asleep
1. sleepy是形容词,可用作表语或定语,意为“困倦的,不活跃的”。如:
although i stayed up late last night, i don’t feel sleepy at all now.
虽然我昨晚睡得很晚,可是我现在一点也不觉得困倦。
i was too sleepy to watch the end of the show.
我太困了,没有看节目的结尾。
she always has a sleepy expression.
她总是一副懒洋洋的样子。
2. asleep也是形容词,只作表语,意为“睡着的,熟睡的”。如:
he was so tired that he fell asleep at once in the sofa. 他太累了,躺在沙发上立刻就睡着了。
he was fast asleep. i couldn’t wake him up.
他睡得很沉,我叫不醒他。
answer & reply
1. answer是日常用语,常用作及物动词,后接名词、代词或从句;有时也可用作不及物动词。如:
read this tr**el diary, and then answer these questions. 阅读这篇旅行日记,然后回答这些问题。
i can’t answer you now. 我现在不能答复你。
he answered that he didn’t know anything about it.
他回答说这事他一点也不知道。
he didn’t answer. 他没有回答。
2. reply是正式用语,常用作不及物动词,后面若跟宾语,要加介词to。如:
he didn’t reply to my question.
他没有回答我的问题。
i asked him but he did not reply to me.
我问过他,但他没有答复我。
此外,reply也可作及物动词,后面常跟从句或直接引语。如:
jack replied that he might help me repair my car.
杰克回答说他可能会帮助我修车的。
i’ll bring some tomorrow,” mother replied.
我明天捎点来,”母亲答道。
跟踪练习】用所给出的词完成句子,使句意完整、通顺,每空一词。
1. asleep, sleepy
is the baby still
jenny felt __all day.
he lay __on the ground.
this is alittle village.
2. answer, reply
i don’t __him.
hethat he had finished the work.
she didn’t know how to
i h**e not yetto his letter.
key: 1. ①asleep ② sleepy ③ asleep ④ sleepy
2. ①answer ② answered / replied ③ answer / reply ④ replied
strict
1. strict是形容词,意为“严格的,严厉的”,可作表语也可作定语。如:
our head teacher is very strict, but we still need many strict rules.
我们的班主任非常严格,但是我们还需要许多严格的制度。
2. 我们常见短语be strict with sb.,意为“对某人严格要求”,以及be strict in (doing) sth.
, 意为“对(做)某事严格要求”。如:
mr. smith is very strict with his children.
史密斯先生对他的孩子们要求十分严格。
we should be strict in (doing) our work.
对工作我们应该严格要求。
look up
1. 表示“(在词典、参考书等中)查阅……”若宾语是名词,常放在look up之后。若宾语是代词,则要放在look up之间。如:
it is a good habit to look up new words in a dictionary.
在词典里查生词是一个良好的习惯。
if you forget my number, you can look it up in the phone book.
如果你忘了我的号码,你可以在**薄里查找。
2. 表示“向上看”。如:
don’t look up, the lights are too strong.
别抬头看,灯光太强了。
跟踪练习】用方框中所给短语的适当形式填空。
look up, be strict in, be strict with
1. if you don’t know how to read this word, please __it __in the dictionary.
2. our teachersus, but i think it’s good for our studies.
3. everyone shouldhis work and study.
4. sheand saw a lot of birds flying in the sky.
key: 1. look; up 2. are strict with 3. be strict in 4. looked up
find, find out & look for
find, find out和 look for都与“找”有关,但其侧重点不同:
1. find意为“找到,发现”,强调结果。如:
he can’t find his watch.
他找不到他的手表。
i find it difficult to learn english well.
我发现学好英语很难。
2. find out 意为“查明、找出”,是指经过认真观察、调查和研究后才发现某事或某物。如:
please find out the answer to the question.
请找出这个问题的答案。
do you find out why tom was late?
你查明汤姆迟到的原因了吗?
3. look for 意为“寻找”,强调过程或动作。如:
i’m looking for my pen.
我正在寻找我的钢笔。
what were they looking for just now?
刚才他们在找什么?
noise, voice & sound
noise, voice和sound都与“声音”有关,但是表示的“声音”不完全一样。
1. noise意为“噪音,吵闹声”。指人们所听到的不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。如:
don’t make any noise in class.
在课堂上别吵吵闹闹。
very loud noise can make people ill.
很大的噪音会使人感到不舒服。
2. voice意为“声音,嗓音”。多指人发出的声音,包括说话、谈笑、唱歌的声音,有时也可以用来指鸟或其它动物发出的声音。如:
alice has a very quiet voice.
艾丽斯的嗓音很恬静。
the bird is singing in a beautiful voice.
那只鸟正用优美的声音唱歌。
3. sound意为“声音,响声”。可以指任何可以听到的声音,如人声、鸟声、机器的轰鸣声等。如:
i don’t like to listen to the strange sound from the next room.
我不喜欢隔壁房间里传出来的奇怪的声音。
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