(一) 知识概要
介词在英语中用法很活，也无一定规律可循。在初中范围内还应学一个记住一个，特别是那些和动词的特殊搭配。这样长期下去不断学习自然会总结出一套自己的规律来。
下面是一般的规律，可帮助学习时参考，千万不要作为定律去背诵，照搬。
介词表示时间表示地点方位表示原因方式其他
about
大约在……时间 about five o'clock
在周围，大约多远 about five kilometres
关于、涉及 talk about you
above
高出某一平面 above sea level
across
横过 walk across the street
对面 across the street
after
在……之后 after supper
跟……后面 one after another
追赶 run after you
against
背靠逆风 against the wall, against the wind
反对 be against you
among 三者以上的中间 among the trees
at 在某时刻 at ten
在小地点 at the school gate
表示速度 at high speed
向着，对着 at me
before
在……之前 before lunch
位于……之前 sit before me
behind
位于……之后 behind the tree
below
低于……水平 below zero
不合格 below the standard
by 到……时刻，在……时刻之前 by five o'clock
紧挨着 site by site
乘**通工具 by air, by bick
被由 was made by us
during 在……期间during the holidays
for 延续多长时间 for five years
向……去 le**e for shanghai
为了，对于be good for you
from 从某时到……某时 from morning till night
来自何方 from new york
由某原料制成be made from
来自何处 where are you from
in 在年、月、周较长时间内 in a week
在里面 in the room
用某种语言 in english
穿着 in red
into 进入……里面 walk into
除分 divide into
变动 turn into water
near 接近某时 near five years
在……附近 near the park
of 用某种原料制成 be made of
属于……性质 a map of u. s .a
on 某日、某日的上下午on sunday afternoon
在……上面 on the desk
靠吃……为生live on rice
关于 a book on physics
over 渡过一整段时间 work over night
在上方over the desk
超过， 高于 over five pairs
past 超过某一时刻 ten past five
经过某地 walk past the park
since
从某时以来 since 1980
原因 since you were ill
through
经过某一时期 through his life
通过、穿过某地 through the forest
till until
直到某时为止 till five o'clock
to 差多少时间 five to ten
问，到，去往 to shanghai
面对面 face to face
给予give a book to me
under
在……下面 under the desk
少于 under ten
在……管制之下 under the rule
with 用某种工具 with a pen
带着，具有 with me
without 没有 without air
二) 正误辨析
1.［误］ we got to the top of the mountain in daybreak.
正］ we got to the top of the mountain at day break.
析］ at用于具体时刻之前，如：sunrise, midday, noon, sunset, midnight, night。
2.［误］ don't sleep at daytime
正］ don't sleep in daytime.
析］ in 要用于较长的一段时间之内，如：in the morning / afternoon, 或 in the week / month / year. 或 in spring / supper /autumn / winter等等。
3.［误］ we visited the old man in sunday afternoon.
正］ we visited the old man on sunday afternoon.
析］ in the morning, in the afternoon 如果在这两个短语中加入任何修饰词其前面的介词都要改为on, 如：on a cold morning, on the morning of july 14th
4.［误］ he became a writter at his twenties
正］ he became a writter in his twenties
析］ 这句话应译为：他在20多岁时就成了作家。在某人的一段生活时间段中要用介词in来表示，而在具体岁数时用at来表示。
5.［误］ he went to new york to find a job in sixteen years old.
正］ he went to new york to find a job at sixteen.
析］ 在具体年岁前用at, 如：at the age of 12， at your age， 等等。
6.［误］ we went to swim in the river in a very hot day.
正］ we went to swim in the river on a very hot day.
析］ 具体某一天要用介词on, 又如：on new year's day
7.［误］ i'm looking forward to seeing you on christmas.
正］ i'm looking for ward to seeing you at christmas.
析］ 在节日的当天用on，而全部节日期间用at,christmas是圣诞节期间，一般要有两周或更长的时间。
8.［误］ i h**en't see you during the summer holidays.
正］ i h**en't seen you since the beginning of the summer holidays.
析］ during表示在某一段时间之内，所以一般不与完成时搭配，如：i visited a lot of museums during the holiday. 而for表示一段时间，可以用于完成时，如：
i h**en't see you for a long time. 而through 用来表示时间时则为"整整，全部的时间"。如：
it rained through the night. 而since则是表达主句动作的起始时间，一般要与完成时连用。
9.［误］ at entering the classroom, i heard the good news.
正］ on entering the classroom, i heard the good news.
析］ on 加动名词表示"一……就"。本句的译文应是：我一进入教室就听见这个好消息了。
又如：on hearing… 一听见， on arrival 一到达就……(on表示动作的名词)
10.［误］ in the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories.
正］ at the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories.
析］ at the begining与at the end都是指某事物的开始与结束部分，均不指时间范围，而in the beginning 则是指开始一段时间。in the end＝at last是指"最终，终于"之意。
11.［误］ till the end of next week. i will h**e finished this work.
正］ by the end of next week. i will h**e finished this work.
析］ by 引起的时间状语表示了动作的截止点，其意思为"不迟于某一时刻将工作做完"，所以主句一般是完成时态。当然可以有将来时态，如：i'll be there by five o'clock.
而till则表达其一动作一直持续到某一时刻，但句中的动词一定要用持续性动词，而瞬间的截止性动词应用其否定句式，如：i won't finish this work till(until) next weekend.
12.［误］ he came to london before last weekend.
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