句子：简单句：句子成分为词或词组。
i saw a beautiful bird in the tree yesterday.
并列句：由两个或以上简单句由连词but，and,or等连接(句子成分仍为词或词组)
i saw a beautiful bird in the tree yesterday,but i don’t know its name.
复合句：句子的一个或以上的句子成分由句子构成。
定语从句。1）概述。
在复合句中起___作用，修饰或___的从句。
从句用___语序。
i love girls who ↑ are beautiful.
词 __词从句谓语取决于___词。
作用：（1）__2
1)i,who___your teacher,will try my best to help you.(be)
2)i like the girl who___
i teach i teach i teach teach
2）分类。1、限制性定语从句：__逗号，__
非限制性定语从句：__逗号。
注：关联词___和___不用于非限，疑问词及不用于定语从句。
1)she has a son.__works in
2)she has a son,and___works in
3)she has a son,__works in
4)she has a son___works in
5） he told me a story yesterday,__i think is very
6）【2012全国卷ii】⒏ that evening, _i will tell you more about later, i ended up
working very late. a. that b. which c. what d. when
2.__定语从句中作___的___词可省。
1）i like the house___i bought last week. c. \
三）定语从句关联词的选择。
1、选择三部曲。
1）they secretly built up a small factory,__produced things that could cause pollution.
2)【2012陕西】14. it is the third time that she has won the race, _has surprised us all.
a. that b. where c. which
2、who(作宾)不能代whom的情况：
1)last week,only two people came to look at the house,neither of __wanted to buy it.
2)this is my friend,__i met yesterday.
3)【2012山东】23. maria has written two novels, both of __h**e been made into television series.
a. them b. that c. which d. what
4)【2012四川】13. in our class there are 46 students, _half wear glasses.
a. in whomb. in themc. of whom d. of them
3、whose n用于先行词为人时用于先行词为物时)
1)do you know the boy,the father __is an engineer?
whom whom whom whom
2)he lives in a house the windows_ _face south.
which which which which
3) she showed the visitors around the museum, the construction __had taken more than three years. （2011江西卷）
a. for whichb. with which c. of whichd. to which
4)2012天津7. i wish to thank professor smith, without __help i would never h**e got this far.
a. who b. whosec. whom d. which
(5)the prize will go to the writer __story shows the most imagination. (2011全国卷i)
a. thatb. which c. whosed. what
3、who,whom,which与that的区别。
先行词为人加物，只能用___
1). do you know the things and persons___they are talking about?
a. who b. whom c. which
先行词为代词：指物只用___指人只用___
(1) he___makes no mistake is not a really man.
(2)i refuse to accept the blame for something___was someone else's fault.
a. who
3)is there anyone___can help me?
4)he bought two cats i can see the two___are playing in the garden.
③先行词在主句中作表语且关联词在从句中也作表语用___
1)shanghai is no longer the city___it used to be.
c. which
先行词为最高级、序数词或被其修饰，用___
1)this is the best___has been used against pollution.
c. which
2)this is the most interesting film___i've ever seen.
3)what is the first american film___you h**e seen?
c. which
先行词由the only,last,little等修饰，用。
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