过去完成时。
概念： 表示过去的过去，其构成是had +过去分词。
那时以前那时现在。
用法： 1. 表示某一动作在过去某一时刻之前已完成。
例如： he had gone to bed by 10:00 last night. (昨夜十点钟之前他已**去睡了。)
2. 与一般过去时搭配，表达某一动作在过去的动作发生时已完成。
例如the train had started when i got to the station. (当我到达车站时火车已开走了。)
判定： 1 ）由时间状语来判定，常用的连词有： before, by, until, when, after, once, as soon as等。
一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：
1 ） by + 过去的时间点。如：i had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.
2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。
如：we had learned over two thousand english words by the end of last term.
3 ） before + 过去的时间点。如：they had planted six hundred trees before last wednesday.
2）由“过去的过去”来判定。
过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在：
1 ）宾语从句中。
当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如：
she said that she had seen the film before.
2 ）状语从句中。
在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如：after he had finished his homework, he went to bed.
注意： before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如：
after he closed the door, he left the classroom.
3）表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…"we had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.
3）根据上、下文来判定。
i met wang tao in the street yesterday. we hadn't seen each other since he went to beijing.
一。用动词的适当形式填空
1. wepaint) the house before wemove) in.
2. that rich old manmake) a will before hedie).
3. theystudy) the map of the country before theyle**e).
4. the robbersrun away ) before the policemenarrive).
5. iturn off) all the lights before igo) to bed.
6. paulgo) out with jane after hemake) a phone call.
7. tomsay) heread) the book twice.
8. our planfail ) because wemake) a bad mistake.
9. when the chairmanfinish) speaking, hele**e)the hall.
readsh**e) lunch when iget) to their house.
iarrive) at the station, hele**e).
about 4000 english words by the end of last term.
13. i waited until hefinish) his homework.
14. we were surprised at what she __already __do)
16. henot tell) you the news yet.
17. he said healreadygive) the book to the teacher.
18. ibe) to shanghai before.
19. she told me shebe) to sanya three times.
the guitar while her sistersing).
二．句型转换 1．i had sold the ticket when she came.（改否定句）
10:00 i had been very hungry. （改一般疑问）
had already completed the project when i arrived.（改一般疑问）
the time he got to the airport, the plane had taken off. （改一般疑问）
7..he had broken his arm when i saw him.（对划线部分提问）
he had read the note, he ate it. （对划线部分提问）
9..jack didn’t go to the cinema because he had seen the film. （对划线部分提问）
had had the toys for ten years before we g**e them to the child. （对划线部分提问）
had written the book by the end of 1960. （对划线部分提问）
cooked the dumplings. we ate them up. （用过去完成时连接两句）
had our tests. then we had a long holiday.( 用过去完成时连接两句)
after wewe
showed us the picture. then he showed us around the house. 用过去完成时连接两句)
before hehe
英语九年级u12小卷
unit 12小卷。单词 出乎意料的背包睡过头鸣 响。街区工人盯着看不信n在。上面着。火n.adj活着机场直到。奶油工作日果馅派豆 豆荚市场傻瓜 装束害羞的 使人害羞的宣布意大利面条。发现n女士取消 可相信的。消失。词组 充满在。以前 2闹钟 响冲出。捎。一程至少将要做某事成一排怀疑 盯着某人错过公...
九年级U12学案
一轮复习九年级u12学案。词组 1 9附录词组 1.握手。2.顺便 或偶然 拜访3.毕竟，终究。4.发出令人不愉快的声音5.特地 不怕麻烦地 做某事6.使某人感到宾至如归7.餐桌礼仪8.习惯于9.自学。10.被期望，应该 2 11.迟到。12.与年长的人说话13.过去常常14.一个试验 实验sect...
九年级U12导学案 1
unit 12 life is full of the unexpected 单元语法重点 1.过去完成时的构成 助动词 had 用于各种人称和数 过去分词 when i got to school,the bell ring 2.过去完成时的用法 主要是表示在过去某个时间，或是动作之前已经发生或完...