unit 1 how do you study for a test
section a
1. how do you study for a test? 你怎样为考试做准备？
2. by 1）通过…..方式（途径）。
（by doing sth 通过做某事）例：i learn english by listening to tapes. 2）在…..
旁边。例：by the window/the door 3）乘**通工具例：
by bus/car
4）在……之前，到……为止。例：by october在10月前 5）被例：
english is spoken by many people. 6) 由于 by mistake 7) 连接 one by one 一个接着一个。
3. ask：
1) ask sb (not)to do sth .请某人（不要）做某事
2) ask sb about sth .询问某人关于某事 he asked me about the meeting.
3) ask for…. 请求/要…… 如：i’ll ask for two days off. 我将请两天假。
4) ask sb for sth 向某人请求/要某物 ask the teacher for help 向老师求助。
4. practice doing 练习做某事 she often practice speaking english. 她经常练习说英语。
5. what/ how about +doing sth.? 做某事如何？
6. aloud / loudly / loud
1）aloud: adv,强调发出的声音能被听见，意为“出声地”或“大声地”，常与read,call连用，无比较级和最高级。 he read the story aloud to his son.
他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。
2）loud: adj/adv “响亮的/地；大声的/地；高声地”，侧重发出的声音大，传得远。用作副词时，常与speak, talk, laugh,shout等动词连用，多用于比较级，须放在动词之后。
如：she told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。be quiet. don’t speak so loud.
3）loudly: adv. 与loud同义，有时两者可替换使用，但往往含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思，可位于动词之前或之后。如：
he does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。
7. talk about/on 谈论，议论，讨论 talk to sb.对某人说话 talk with sb. 与某人说话。
8. 提建议的句子：
1）what/ how about +doing sth.? 如：what/ how about going shopping?
2）why don’t you + do sth.? 如：why don’t you go shopping?
3）why not + do sth. ?如：why not go shopping?
4）let’s + do sth如： let’s go shopping
5）shall we/ i + do sth.? 如：shall we/ i go shopping?
6）would you like sth / to do sth? 如：would you like to go shopping?
9. i h**e learned a lot that way. 用那种方法，我已经学到了很多东西。
1)a lot的用法：修饰动词eg:thanks a lot 修饰比较级 eg:i fell a lot better
2) that way 用那种方法。
10. it’s too hard to understand the voice. 听懂那些声音太难了。
too…to 太…而不能常用的句型 too+adj./adv. +to do sth.
如：i’m too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。
11. for example (=for instance) “例如”，一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例。
such as用于列举同类人或事物中的几个例子。
for example, he has been there,too.
i’ve been to many big cities, such as beijing,shanghai and xi’an.
12. memorizing the words of pop songs also helped a little. 记流行歌曲的词也起作用。
动名词作主语谓语为第三人称单数。swimming is good for our health.
13. wei ming feels differently. 卫明有不同的感受。
14. he finds watching movies frustrating. 他觉得看电影让人感到沮丧。
1）frustrating. adj. “令人沮丧的，令人失望的”。用来描述事物。
2）frustrated. adj. “感到）沮丧的/失望的”。用来描述人。
3）frustrate v. “使沮丧/失望/厌烦” 4）frustration n. 沮丧，失望，不满。
15. add v
1) 加，增加 （add ….to ….把……加到……上）the teacher added a few names to the list.
2) 补充说，继续说 she added that h**ing conversations with friends was not helpful at all.
她又说和朋友对话根本没用。
16. h**e a conversation with sb 与某人交谈。
17. not …at all 一点也不根本不。
i like milk very much. i don’t like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。
not经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾。
18. be / get excited about sth.= be / get excited about doing sth.
=be/get excited to do sth. 对…感到兴奋如： i am / get excited about going to beijing.
= i am /get excited to go to beijing.
我对去北京感到兴奋。
19. end up
1) end up doing sth 以做某事结束如：the party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。
2) end up with sth. 以…结束 the party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。
3）end up + n/pron 结果为/最后成为……如：she ended up a nurse of that hospital.
4) end up + at+小地点/in+大地点 “意外到达某地”
to our surprise,we ended up in the same place.
20. do/make a survey about/of… 做一个……的调查。
21. keep an english notebook 记英语笔记 take notes 记笔记 take notes of 记……笔记。
section b
1. pronounce v. 发音 pronunciation n. 发音。
2. speaking与spoken 1)书面英语：written english； 口头英语：spoken english
2)说英语的：english-speaking 口语能力：speaking skills
3. mistake
1) n.错误 make a mistake / make mistakes(in…) 在某方面)犯错” 如：make mistakes in grammar 犯语法错误 2) v.
犯错 mistake a for b… 把a错认为b i mistook him for his brother. 3) by mistake 错误地；由于搞错。
4. get the pronunciation right 使发音准确。
5. i don’t h**e a partner to practice english with. 我没有搭档一起练习英语。
动词不定式。
1) 做定语—后置。
the best way to learn english is reading aloud.
the fastest way to tr**el is by plane
2) 与所修饰的名词构成动宾关系。不定式修饰名词，动词短语后如有介词时不能省略。
i need a pen to write with.
i don’t h**e a partner to practice english with.
i need some ***** to write on.
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