高考总复习 介词和介词短语知识总结

发布 2021-06-03 21:21:28 阅读 7824

编稿:陈玉莲审稿:王春霞。

真题再现:1. you can change your job, you can move house, but friendship is meant to belife.

a. ofb. onc. tod. for

解析:d。mean在此表示“预定,指定”。

the gift is meant for you. 这份礼物是给你的。 he was meant for [to be] an electrician.

本来是准备把他培养成电工的。

2. nothing is so easy as __parents to raise their expectations of their children too high.

a. ofb. toc. byd. for

解析:d。句意为:

没有什么比父母亲过多的提高对孩子的期望值更容易的了。for parents“对于父母亲来说”,不定式是真正的被比较成分。本句的关键是找到关键点,一方面的nothing is so…as结构,另一方面就是不定式的成分界定。

3. do you think this skirt is too tight __the shoulders?

a. at b. on c. to d. across

解析:d。across表示“横穿、跨过”句意为:你觉得这条裙子是不是肩的位置太紧了?

4. this training program can give you a lift at work, _increase your income by 40%.

a. as well asb. so long asc. so much as d. as soon as

解析:a。as well as“……之外(还有);和”;b项意为“只要”;c项意为“与…一样多”(不用于肯定句);d项意为“一…就”。

此题句意为:这个培训计划除了可以提高你的收入40%之外,还能够让你在工作方面得到提升。根据句意选a。

5. _all the animals i’ve ever had, these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word.

a. fromb. ofc. ford. with

解析:b。two dogs所属与all animals,故用介词of表示这种关系,如:

many of us, 我们其中的许多人,故答案b符合语境。from从;for为了;with有,均不符合语境,故排除。

6. —thank god you're safe!

—i stepped back, just __to **oid the racing car.

a. in timeb. in case c. in needd. in vain

解析:a。in time意为“及时”,in case意为“万一,假使”;in need意为“需要”;in vain意为“徒劳,无济于事”。

句意为:——谢天谢地,你是安全的!——我走回去,正好避免塞车。

符合题意。

7. _good service, the restaurant offers different kinds of traditional fujian dishes.

a. far fromb. apart from c.instead of d.regardless of

解析:b。除了优质的服务外,这个饭店提供了不同种类的传统的福建菜。

apart from表“除……以外”,符合语意。far from“远离,远非”;instead of“代替,而不是”;regardless of“不管,不顾”。

8. this shop will be closed for repairs __further notice.

a. withb. untilc. ford. at

解析:b。句意:在另行通知前,这家店将停业整顿。until further notice表示“在另行通知前”。

9. with new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be take __color.

a. byb. forc. withd. in

解析:d。in color表示“使用彩色”。固定搭配。句意:随着科技的发展,水下沟壑的**可以照成彩色的。

10. graduation is a good time to thank those who h**e helped you __the tough years.

a. throughb. upc. withd. from

解析:a。句意:毕业的时候是感谢艰难的几年中曾经帮助过你的人的最好时机。

语法讲解:介词主要考查近义词的用法区别、介词的特定含义、介词和连词易混淆的项目、介词的固定用法等。在历年全国各地高考试题中,都涉及到介词的考查,不仅在单项填空中进行考查,在短文改错题中,对于介词的有无、介词与其他词的固定搭配的考查尤为频繁。

介词是英语中比较活跃的词,中学阶段所学的介词有40多个。它与名词、形容词、副词和动词等构成搭配时用法灵活,意义丰富。搭配比较活跃的介词主要有in,out,up,down,on,off,to,from,for,over,with等。

介词的考查将以介词的固定短语和介词辨析为主。

介词的定义及分类。

介词又叫前置词,属于虚词,后面必须接名词、代词或相当于名词或代词的词、短语、句子作宾语。介词本身数量不大,但它与动词、形容词和名词等实词的搭配力极强。

介词可按其构成分为:

简单介词,即一个介词,如about,at,in,of,since等。

复合介词,由两个介词组成,如as for,as to,out of等。

二重介词,由两个介词搭配而成,但没有复合介词那样固定,如from under,from behind,until after,except in等。

短语介词,由短语构成,如according to,because of,in spite of,on behalf of,with reference to等。

分词介词,由现在分词构成,如regarding,concerning,including等。

“动词+介词”短语举例:

look after sb/sth 照顾,看管。

look at sb/sth 注视,着眼于

look for sb/sth 寻找;期待,期望。

look forward to sth/doing sth 盼望,期待。

look into sth 窥视;调查;浏览。

look like sb/sth 看起来像。

look up sth查阅。

“形容词+介词” 短语举例:

be afraid of sth. 害怕某事。

be curious about 对什么好奇。

be different from 与什么不同。

be interested in sth. /sb. 对某人或某物很感兴趣。

be proud of 骄傲,自豪

be similar to 与……相似。

be strict with 对……严格要求。

“名词+介词”

attitude to/towards 态度,看法。

belief in sth./sb.相信某人或某事。

congratulation on sth 对…(表示)祝贺。

interest(n.)in sth 对…的兴趣。

respect(n.)for sb/sth.对…的尊敬。

satisfaction with sb/sth 对…满意。

“介词+名词”短语举例:

at hand 在手边,在附近。

by accident 偶然。

beyond doubt 毫无疑问。

in addition 另外。

for the moment 现在,暂时

from time to time 有时,不时

with the purpose of 为了。

常见介词用法 【高清课堂——介词】

against

nobody has got anything against you at all. (反对)

he saw a girl sitting alone on a bench against the wall. (靠着)

we h**e s**ed some money against old age. (防备)

the little red house looks so beautiful against the green woods. (在……映衬下)

atthey left their luggage at the station. (at后接地点)

at noon there was still no news. (at后接时间)

what are you laughing at? (at后接原因)

i was surprised at his words.(at强调引起某种情感的原因)

i came here at her invitation/request. (at表示“应要求、请求等”)

when i arrived, they were at their meal. (at固定搭配,吃饭)

i am rather slow at drawing. (at强调在某方面)

i won’t buy it at that price. (at后接**)

beyond

he saw a house beyond the woods. (在……那边)

介词和介词短语

语法综合复习介词和介词短语。中考对介词的要求 词汇表中所列介词的基本用法。一。in 用法总结 1.表示时间 in 世纪 某年 某月 季节 上午 下午 晚上。in the 21st century in 2008 in january february march april may june jul...

介词和介词短语

1.介词的功能。介词是一种虚词,不能单独使用。介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中作定语,状语,表语和宾语补足语。例如 the boy over there is john s brother.定语 the girl will be back in two hours.状语...

英语介词总复习

介词复习。常用介词介绍。一 表示时间的介词 1 at,on,in 1 at表示 在某一时刻 某一时间点 at 5 30 在5 30 at sunrise 日出时 at lunch 午饭时。at noon 正午时 at night 夜间。i get up at 6 00 every day.我每天6 ...