一.一般现代时。
一.一般现在时。主要描述经常会发生的动作、状态或不变的真理。句末常出现every day/week/year/monday , in the morning, 句中常有always, usually, often, sometimes
1.组成:主语+be+名词(形容词)
肯定句:i am a student. he is tall.
否定句:在be 后加not. i am not a student. he is not tall.
疑问句:be 动词提前到第一位。
are you a student? is he tall?
yes, i am. /no, i am he is. /no, he isn’t.
2.主语+动词+地点+时间。
肯定句:we go to school on monday./ he goes to the park on sunday.
否定句:主语+don’t/doesn’t’t+动词原形+地点+时间。
we don’t go to school on monday.
he doesn’t’t go to the park on sunday.
疑问句:在句首加do或does
do you go to school on monday? yes, we do./ no, we don’t.
does he go to the park on sunday? yes, he does./ no, he doesn’t’t.
3.动词单三变化: 在原单词末尾加s , 如:like –likes
单词以o, sh, ch, s, x 结尾加es, 如:go –goes
单词末尾为辅音+y结尾去y加ies 如:study- studies
二.现在进行时。
现在进行时:主要叙述正在发生的事情。句末常出现now, 句首常出现look, listen,in this photo
组成:主语+be +动词ing形式。
i am reading english. /they are swimming. /he is playing football.
否定句:在be后加not. i am not reading english. /they are not swimming.
he is not playing football.
疑问句:将be 放到第一位。
are you reading english? yes, i am./ no, i am not.
are they swimming? yes, they are. /no, they aren’t.
is he playing football? yes, he i s. /no, he isn’t.
动词变ing形式:1.在动词末尾加ing. 如:play- playing/do-doing
2. 末尾有e 要去e加ing. 如:
ride–riding/take-taking/make-****** /h**e-h**ing/dance-dancing/write-writing/come-coming/drive-driving
3. 末尾以辅音元音辅音结尾双写末尾一个辅音如:swim-swimming / run-running
四.一般过去时。
一般过去时:主要描述过去发生的事情。 句末常出现last night/week/monday/year, yesterday, ago
1.组成:主语+动词过去式。
she was a baby.
it was a book about space tr**el.
he spent about twenty-one hours in space.
2.否定句:在be后加not
在普通动词前加didn’t 动词恢复原形。
she was not a baby.
it was not a book about space tr**el.
he didn’t spend about twenty-one hours in space.
3.疑问句:提前be 动词或在句前加did
was she a baby?
was it a book about space tr**el?
did he spend about twenty-one hours in space?
4.动词变过去式: 在原次末尾加ed 或d 如:play-played /like-liked
辅音加y 结尾去y加ied 如:study-studied
辅音元音辅音结尾双写最后一个字母加ed 如: stop-stopped
特殊变化:can-could /do-did /eat-ate /go-went/ hit-hit/ put-put /sit-sat/come-came/get-got/ h**e-had /see-saw /begin-began/give-g**e /win-won read-read am/is-was /are-were /run-ran /hear-heard /cut-cut /wake-woke/ fall-fell
连系动词be是am, is, are三者的原形,一般不直接出现在句子中,而是以am, is, are的形式出现。它们各有分工,而且随着主语的人称和数的变化而变化。am最专一,始终跟着i转;are 跟you, we及表复数名词或复数意义的词连用;is的交际最广泛,is与“他、她、它”形影不离,至于名词单数,指示代词(this/that)都与is结下不解之缘。
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