名词性从句。
related conception (相关概念)
1.名词：表示人或事物的名称的词叫名词。
2.名词在句子当中一般可以作什么成分？
the boy is li ming.
主语表语。mr. liang , a 24-year-old boy, teaches us english .
主语同位语宾语。
名词在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和同位语。
主语。his job is important.
what he does is important.
表语。this is his job.
this is what he does every day.
宾语。i don’t like his job.
i don’t like what he does every day.
同位语。i don’t know about the man, mr. white.
i don’t know about the fact that he is a teacher.
名词性从句考点归纳。
名词性从句高考考查主要内容 (不全面)
引导词的选择与判断；
词序：不倒装（陈述语序）；
时态：注意主，从句时态的呼应。
重难点：引导词的选择与判断：
①句式、句子成分分析：
②词义分析：that无词义、whether（if）是否…
什么是名词性从句？
在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的主语、宾语、表语和同位语，由一个句子来充当，这个句子就叫名词性从句。
名词性从句主语从句 ( the subject clause) 宾语从句 ( the object clause) 表语从句 ( the predicative clause) 同位语从句 ( the appositive clause)
一 、主语从句： 在句中充当主语的从句叫做主语从句。
例：他星期三来这里是肯定的。
he will come here on wednesday is certain.
注意：从句作主语时，就算是句子意思完整，都要加上从属连词that
他星期三是否来这里还不肯定的。
2. whether he will come here on wednesday is not certain.
注意：主语从句表示“是否” 只用“whether” 而不用“if”
3 what he said is not true .
他所说的是不真实的。（what指。。。的，代指物或事情）
4 where he hid the money is to be found out .
5 how we can help the twins will be discussed at the meeting.
6 when they’ll start the project has not been decided yet.
7 whoever comes is welcome.
小结一：主语从句中引导词的判断与选择有三种类型：
1、that引导的主语从句，是一个完整的句子，在此句中不作任何成分也无实际意义。
2、whether 引导的从句，意义不完整，不确定，需要增添，“是否”（主语从句用whether而不用if）
3、特殊疑问词引导的主语从句，意义不完整，且缺主语，宾语，表语表什么事情则用 what .
who whose whom （谁） whoever（无论谁）（什么）、which（哪一个），whatever（无论什么）whichever（无论哪一个）作主语、宾语、表语等。
②疑问副词（连接副词）：when，where，how，why，在名词性从句中作状语分别表示(什么时候),(什么地方),(怎样),(为什么).
practice time
1.__he said is true.
a. what b. that c. which d. whether
2the 2008 olympic games will be held in beijing is not known yet.
a. wheneverb. if c. whetherd. that
3.__he said at the meeting astonished everybody present.
a whatb. that c. the factd. the matter
4we can't get seems better thanwe h**e.
a what ; what b. what ; that c. that ; that d. that ; what
5. _his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain
a. that b. whether c. if d. even if
6we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
a. if b. whether c. that d. where
7you don't like him is none of my business.
a. what b. who c. that d. whether
8caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
a. what b. that c. how d. where
9.__makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.
a. what b. whoc. whatever d. whoever
10 __the baby could speak made his parents very happy.
a. that b. what c. why d. if
小结二：一、主语从句的语序。
1） 主语从句构成有两种。
a. [that light tr**els in straight lines is known to all.,
how he was successful is still a puzzle, ,
is certain that he will succeed.
is not known whether he will go there.
has not been decided yet when they’ll start the project.
在实际应用中，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语的that从句后置，如以下四种不同的结构：,
it is necessary that… 有必要…
it is important that重要的是…
it is obvious that很明显……
注意：从句语气要用虚拟语气。
eg. it is necessary that a new plan should be designed at once.,
it is believed that人们相信…
it is known to us/all that众所周知…
it has been decided that…… 已经决定……
eg. it’s reported that no one was killed in the earthquake. ,
it is common knowledge that… …是常识。
it is a surprise that令人惊奇的是…
it is a fact that事实是……
1) it is a pity that we can’t go.
2) it is no surprise that our team should h**e won the game.,
it appears that似乎…
it happens that碰巧…
it occurred to me that…… 我突然想起……
practice time
worried her a bit __her hair was turning gray.
a .whileb. that c. ifd. for
is generally considered unwise to give a childhe or she wants.
a .however b. whatever c. whicheverd. whenever
3. it remains a question __we can get so much money in such a short time.
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