no use
no good
no fun
② it`s + a shamedoing
a waste of time/money
useless
dangerous
there is no + doingeg: there is no joking about the matter.
there is no point/sense/harm/ use doing sth
4）主动形式表被动含义：
want需要doing
need需要)
require需要)
sb\ sth. +stand经受) +
bear忍受)
be + past超过)
be worth值得to be done
be + in need of (需要)
the boy needs taking good care of= the boy needs to be taken good care of .
比较 the boy needs to h**e a good rest this pair of shoes is past mending.
the problem is in need of working out. the question is well worth discussing
1）一般式：不定式的一般式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后。
例如： the patient asked to be operated on at once. 病人要求马上手术。
the teacher ordered the work to be done. 老师要求完成工作。
2）进行式：不定式的进行式所表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，例如：
the boy pretended to be working hard. 男孩假装工作得很努力。
3）完成式：不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，例如：
i happened to h**e been taken to the cinema. 我偶然被带去过电影院。
4）完成进行时：不定式的完成进行式表示谓语动作之前一直在进行的动作，to + h**e been + v-ing ，例如：
the battle was said to h**e been going on for two days.
不定式的句法功能：
1）作主语 to lose your heart means failure.
动词不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式置于句后。
常用句式有：1、it+be+名词+to do。2、it takes sb.
+some time+to do。3、it+be+形容词+of \for sb +to do。 careless,,clever,good,foolish,honest,kind,lazy,nice,right,silly,stupid,wise,等表示赞扬或批评的形容词，不定式前的逻辑主语用of sb 。
2）作表语：he appears to h**e caught a cold.
3）作宾语：常与不定式做宾语连用的动词有：want, hope, wish, offer, fail, plan, learn, pretend, refuse, manage, help, agree, promise, prefer, afford,agree,arrange,plan,forget
eg. how did you manage to finish it so soon?
如果不定式（宾语）后面有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，真正的宾语（不定式）后置，放在宾语补足语后面，常见的词有：think feel expect make suppose imagine …例如：
marx found it important to study the situation in russia.
动词不定式也可充当介词宾语，如： i h**e no choice but to stay here.
he did nothing last sunday but repair his bike.
有些动词常用代疑问词的不定式作宾语，例如：teach,remember,advise,show,advise,show,know,forget,learn,understand,see,hear,find out,explain,decide,discuss等动词不定式前有时可与疑问词连用，如：
he g**e us some advice on how to learn english.
they h**en’t decided when to le**e so far.
1、 作主语不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。往往用it 作形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。如：
it took us two hours to finish the job.
it is impossible for us to get there on time.
it is very kind of you to help us.
注意：（1）其他系动词如look, appear等也可用于此句型。
（2）当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用it is …to…的句型。试比较：
it is to negate my own idea to believe him.（错）
to believe him is to negate my own idea .（对）
3）it is+ adj. of / for sb. to do sth. 结构中，当不定式的逻辑主语和前面的形容词可以构成系表结构时，用of, 否则用 for.
2、 作宾语。
1） 动词+不定式。如：
he managed to escape from the fire.
i find it hard to get along with him.（it 作形式宾语）
注：下列动词通常用不定式作宾语：want, try, hope, wish, need, forget, know, promise, refuse, help, decide, begin, start, learn, agree, choose, get等。
2） 动词+疑问词+to , 特殊疑问句+不定式”相当于名词，作宾语。如：
i don’t know what to do next/ how to do it next.
i h**e a little baby to look after .(i must look after the little baby ) 我有一个婴儿要照看)
作状语，表示目的、结果、原因等，有时还有一些固定搭配的不定式短语，如in order to , so as to, so…as to, such …as to, …enough to, too…to等。
1） 做目的状语，to, only to （仅仅为了）, in order to, so as to, so(such)….as to…（如此···以便···如：
he ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。
he came to the school to see his son.
2） 作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。如：
he hurried to the post office only to find it was closed.
he searched the room only to find nothing.
3） 做原因状语。如： we were very excited to hear the news.
i’m glad to see you.
4） 做条件状语。如： to turn to the left , you could find a post office.
3、 作表语。
不定式可放在be动词后面，构成表语。如：
the question is how to put it into practice. my question is when to le**e.
his dream is to be a doctor. her work is to look after the babies.
注意：1.不定式在句中作表语时，对应的谓语动词用单数。
2.当助于是不定式时，表语不能用ving形式，可用不定式。
如：to see is to believe. （眼见为实）
4、 独立结构。如：
to tell you the truth, i don’t agree with you.
to make matters worse, it began to rain.
一、 不定式的时态和语态。
1、 不定式的时态。
1） 现在时：有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。如：
he seems to know this. i hope to see you again.
2） 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。如：
i’m sorry to h**e given you so much trouble.
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