牛津英语八年级8aunit 2语法讲解。
本单元的语法现象主要有二：
一、两者进行比较的方式：
more/ fewer/ less…than，这种句型中的more, fewer, less用语比较数量，后面加上名词。
more是many或much的比较级，表示“更多的……”后面既可接可数名词的复数形式，也可接不可数名词。如：
i h**e more spare time than you.
我的空余时间比你多。
who picked more apples on the farm yesterday, jim or jane?
昨天在农场谁摘的苹果更多，是jack还是jane？
less是little的比较级。是“更少”的意思，后面只能接不可数名词。如：
he spends less money on clothes than i.
他在衣服上花的钱比我少。
fewer是few的比较级，意为“更少”，后面必须接可数名词的复数形式。如：
i got fewer points in the exam than you.
在考试中我得的分数比你的更少。
两者比较还有两外一种方式：即相似“the same as”和不同“be different from”。如：
his school is quite different from ours.
his school is not the same as ours.
他的学校与我们的不一样。
如果对三者或三者以上的人或事物进行比较，则用“the +most+可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词”、“the fewest+可数名词的复数形式”句型和“the least+不可数名词”。如：
who has the fewest friends of the three?
三个人中谁的朋友最少？
拓展延伸】在英语中，遇到两个人或两件事物进行比较的情况时，要在同一范围内进行比较时，必须把主体排除在被比较的对象之外。如：
shanghai is larger than any other city in china.
上海要比中国的任何城市都大。
要注意只有同一类事物才能做比较。如：
my classroom is bigger than yours.
我的教室比你们的（教室）大。
形容词比较级前一般不用定冠词the，但是句中若有“of the two”这样的结构，即表示两者中“较……的一个”时，要加表示特指的定冠词the。如：
she is the more careful of the two.
她是两人中较为仔细的一个。
形容词最高级前一般要使用定冠词the，但是如果最高级前已经有了形容词性物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格时，则不用定冠词。如：
the new building is one of the world’s tallest buildings.
这座新建筑是世界上最高的建筑物之一。
二、英语中句子的语调通常有两种，即升调和降调。↗
1.一般疑问句 is there a post office near here?(↗
2.表示惊奇的省略句 really? (
升调一般用于 3.选择疑问句中or前面的第一个选择部分 are you english(↗)or chinese?
4.并列结构中除最后一部分以外的所有并列部分。
there is an erase(↗)a ruler(↗)a pen(↗)and a pencil.
1.陈述句 i like to wear school uniform?(↘
2.特殊疑问句 what’s your school life like? (
降调一般用于 3.选择疑问句中or后面的选择部分 are you english or chinese(↘)
4.并列结构中最后一个并列部分。
there is an erase, a ruler, a pen, and a pencil(↘)
牛刀小试】一、单项选择。
)1.——which is , the sun, the moon and the earth?
a. smallb. smaller c. smallestd. the smallest
) keep healthy, you should eat fast food and fresh vegetables.
a. fewer, fewer b. less, more c. fewer, mored. less, less
) little brother is of us two.
a. youngb. younger c. the youngerd. the youngest
)4. i h**e money than you, but i h**e friends than you.
a. more; more b. less; more c. fewer; more d. more; less
)5. lucy’s sports shoes are yours.
a. likeb. alikec. the samed. different
)6. chinese students h**e weeks in the summertime than american students.
a. more, on b. fewer, on c. more, off d. less, off
)7. beijing is larger than city in japan.
a. anyb. any other c. the otherd. another
)8. we can do the work better with money and people.
a. less, fewerb. fewer, less c. little, littled. few, few
)9. we should spend money doing things.
a. fewer, good b. fewer, better c. more, betterd. less, better
) my family, grandfather drinks milk, but tea.
a. the least, the mostb. the least, the least
c. the most, the mostd. the most, the less
) jeans are the same anna’s but different elsa’s.
a. as, asb. so, like c. as, fromd. like, as
) scored points in the exam.
a. mostb. the most c. leastd. the least
) air in beijing is getting much now than a few years ago.
a. cleanb. cleaner c. cleanestd. the cleanest
)14we are glad to see shanghai is developing(发展) these years than ever before.
a. quickly b. more quickly c. quickd. quicker
) lei did quite in the english competition. i did even .
a. better, well b. good, better c. well, betterd. well, good
二、用括号里所给词的适当形式填空。
1. jim is (short) of all the students.
2. there is (little)water in this glass than in that one.
3. shanghai is one of (big) cities in china.
books are too (expensive). do you h**e any (cheap)ones?
she came out of the hospital, she looked (health)than before.
h**e (many)weeks off in the summertime than you.
teacher is angry with sandy because he made (many)mistakes in his class.
think cycling is much (easy)than driving.
i saw you, i felt even (good).
house is different from (millie).
三、句型转换在空白处填上适当的单词，使上下两句意思相同或相近，每格一词。
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