unit 1
value n. values价值观。
survival
sth./sb. ;search …for…; search for; be in search of; be in (one’s) the search for…
4.情态动词对过去事实的猜测：must h**e done; may/might h**e done; can’t/couldn’t h**e done
情态动词和实际有出入的评价：should/shouldn’t h**e done; ought to/oughtn’t to h**e done; need/needn’t h**e done
adj. amaze v. amazement n.
7. design---by design; be designed to be…/for…
n. 想象力 adj. 花式的，奇异的 v.想象 fancy doing喜欢、想要做某事。
风格；类型。
总称)to…
return (for)…
of…as…
做使役动词h**e …do/doing/done; h**e做“有”的时候：h**e sth. to do/to be done
17. in detail
做动词过去式)；lighted（done做形容词）
doing考虑做某事 consider…to be/as…认为…怎么样。
warthan… no+比较级+than（有反向意义） not+比较级+than（只强调比较）
is no doubt than…
24.名词性从句包括（同位语从句；主语从句；宾语从句；表语从句）
worth doing…; be worthy of being done/to be done; it is worthwhile to do/doing
apartthan… would do sth. rather than do…
n. explosive adj.
highly/much/well of…; think badly/ill/little of…
is the same with…
on/ a heated debate
unit 4
1. right away
2. raise vt./rise vi. rise to one’s feet
3. too…to 当后面跟心情，态度等形容词的时候（如：anxious, eager, glad, ready, willing等）表肯定意义。
4. burst into+n. burst out doing
5. think little/nothing of…
6. as if/ as though
as if 引导的从句有两种用法，一种是推测的客观事实，不用虚拟语气，一种是与事实相反的比喻，要用虚拟语气。
例：it looks as if it is going to rain.
he was shaking with fright as if he had seen a ghost.
7. at an end
8. in ruins
9. two-thirds of…谓语动词单复数由of后名词决定。
10. injure 辨析：harm / damage / destroy / hurt / injure / wound
11. were left without parents
le**e表示“使…处于…状态”，用法有。
le**e sb./sth. +adj./done/doing/n./介宾短语。
12. be gone=disappear
13. tens/hundreds of thousands of
14. fall into a trap set a trap for…/to do…对…设下圈套/设下圈套来…
trap sb. into doing sth. 诱使某人干某事。
15. all hope was not lost.=not all hope was lost.
16. dig out
17. bury (oneself) in 埋头于； 专心于=sb. be buried in
18. a (great/good/small/large) number of+可数名词复数。
19. frighten v. -frightening/ frightened adj
20. be shocked at
21. congratulations! 常用复数 offer/send one’s congratulations (to sb.) on sth.
v. congratulate sb. on sth.
22. v. judge…by/from; judge that…; judging by…/from…,常作独立状语，引导从句。
23. be proud of =take pride in
24. honour v./ n. in honour of
25. h**e sb.(sth.) do/doing/done
26. as you know,…/as is known to all,…
27. sincerely =faithfully
28. express v. express sth. to sb./express to sb. 特快列车[c], 快递服务[u]
expression n. 表情，表达beyond expression无法表达。
29. when就在那时。
was/were doing…when… was/were about to do…when… had done…when…
unit 5
1. quality quality goods high quality poor quality
2. mean adj. 吝啬的 mean v. mean doing…意味着…; mean to do…打算做…
means n. 方式方法 by this means
3. active adj. be active in doing… ;take an active part in…
4. be generous with在某方面慷慨 be generous in doing sth. 乐于做某事be generous to sb.
5. selfish---selfless---selfishness---selflessness
6. devote (oneself/one’s time/energy/life) to sth./doing sth.
7. fight against/for/back
8. found, founded, founded v. foundation n.
9. believe; believe in
10. principle against one's principle违反自己的原则 as a matter of principle作为原则的问题。
11. right n. 公理，正确 rights(常用复数) 权利。
12. land on
13. guide n. 导游 guidance n. 指导 under one’s guidance
14. legal---illegal
15. be grateful for
16. continue to do和continue doing是一样的。
out of work---be at work lose one’s job
18. be [feel] hopeful that [of, about]对。抱希望[持乐观态度]
19. seen=witness
20. at the stage/ on the stage
21. vote for/against
22. attack n. /v.
23. only+副词/介词短语/状语从句”位于句首，主句部分倒装。
24. violence n.--violent adj.--violently adv.
25. as a matter of fact/ in fact/ in reality/ in practice
26. blow up/out/down
27. put…in prison be in prison
28. equal be equal to vt. 等于；比得上 equally adv.--equality n.
29. in trouble h**e trouble in doing…; take trouble to do…
30. be willing to…
31. turn to
reason why…
33. lose heart
34. escape from…; escape doing…
35. should/shouldn’t h**e done…
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